The activation of nuclear-orkappa B factor/active protein-1 (NF-B/AP-1) and the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) playing a ABSTRACT Background: Due to its flavoring and seasoning properties, Salvia officinalis has been widely used in the preparation of many foods. In folk medicine in Asia and Latin America, it has been used for the treatment of various types of disorders, including seizures, ulcers, rheumatism, inflammation, dizziness, and high blood sugar. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the chemical composition by HPLC/UV, antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation; thus the, the anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanolic extract of Salvia officinalis (EES) on certain homeostatic parameters, inflammatory biomarkers and antioxidant status in Wistar rats subjected to inflammation induced by carrageenan. Method: Male rats (n = 24) were exposed to inflammation of the peritoneal by carrageenan (200 µL: 2%) and treated for 5 days with ethanolic extract of Salvia officinalis (EES) in order to repair the damage caused by inflammation on homeostasis, TNF-α and PGE2. Results: The results of scavenging of DPPH and lipoperoxidation of the extract, showed an IC 50 of 29.69 ± 1.32 and 46.17 ± 1.51 µg/mL, respectively. The identification of EEC by HPLC shows the presence of polyphenolic acids (salvianolic acid, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid) and many flavonoids (Cirsimaritin, Catechin, Acacetin, kaempferol, pinocembrine, quercetin). Salvia extract contains 221.08 ± 2.36 mg EAG/g and 80.54 ± 1.3 mg EQ/g dry extract. Compared to the control group, carrageenan induced a substantial decrease (P<0.05) in antioxidant enzymes and a highly significant increase (P<0.05) in homeostatic parameters (blood sugar, CRP and fibrinogen), biomarkers of inflammation (TNF-α and PGE2) and malondialdehyde levels. Conclusion: The administration of Salvia extract corrects this perturbation where there is an improvement in antioxidant enzymes and a decrease in biomarkers of inflammation. Salvia officinalis has been able to repair carrageenin-induced perturbations homeostasis and inflammation markers in Wistar rats.
Context: Epirubicin (EPI), belonging to the anthracycline family, is one of the most effective chemo-therapeutic agents used in the treatment of a variety of solid and hematologic malignant tumors but Its anti-tumor efficacy is dose-dependent, but its clinical use is limited by the development of cardiac, hepatic and nephrotic toxicities. Aims: To evaluate the protective effect of ethyl acetate extract of propolis (EAP) native to Tigzirt on selected antioxidant status parameters and biomarkers of epirubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods: Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups. It orally dosed with (EAP) or quercetin during 15 days before being subjected to toxicity by injection (i.v) of a cumulative dose of 9 mg/kg of epirubicin to repair cardiac and renal damage. Results: Injection of epirubicin to rats induced cardiac and renal dysfunction as evidenced by a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum levels of biochemical markers (CKmb, BNP, LDH, troponin, urea, creatinine and uric acid). This toxicity thus caused lesions, necrosis, and inflammatory infiltrate in the heart and kidneys. The administration of 250 mg/kg of EAP allowed restoring these functions by lowering the level of these parameters. Thus, a balance of oxidative stress was demonstrated with a decrease of +50% in the level of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide and an increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Therefore, significant restoration was observed on organ architecture. Conclusions: These results show that propolis is rich in phenolic substances, which gave the protective and curative effects against epirubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats.
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