PillCam COLON capsule endoscopy (CCE) (Given Imaging Ltd, Yoqneam, Israel) is one of the most recent diagnostic, endoscopic technologies designed to explore the colon. CCE is a noninvasive, patient-friendly technique that is able to explore the colon without requiring sedation and air insufflation. The first generation of CCE was released onto the market in 2006 and although it generated great enthusiasm, it showed suboptimal accuracy. Recently, a second-generation system (PillCam COLON 2) (CCE-2) has been developed to increase sensitivity for colorectal polyp detection. In this review, accuracy and safety data for CCE-2 are analyzed.

Lung disease is common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The onset of lung involvement in RA is not well known. The objective is to describe the features and evolution of lung involvement in early RA, its relationship with disease activity parameters, smoking and treatments. Consecutive patients with early RA without respiratory symptoms were included and tracked for 5 years. Lung assessment included clinical, radiological and pulmonary function tests at diagnosis and during follow-up. Peripheral blood parameters (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated peptide autoantibodies) and scales of articular involvement, such as DAS28-CRP, were evaluated. 40 patients were included and 32 completed the 5-year follow up. 13 patients presented lung involvement in the initial 5 years after RA diagnosis, 3 of them interstitial lung disease. Significant decrease of diffusion lung transfer capacity of carbon monoxide over time was observed in six patients, 2 of them developed interstitial lung disease. DLCO decrease was correlated with higher values of CRP and ESR at diagnosis. Methotrexate was not associated with DLCO deterioration or lung disease development. Subclinical progressive lung disease correlates with RA activity parameters. Smoking status and methotrexate were not associated with development or progression of lung disease.

Background Trocar site incisional hernia (TSIH) is the most frequent complication associated with laparoscopic surgery. Few studies currently describe its incidence or risk factors. The aim of this report is to determine the real incidence of TSIH and to identify risk factors. Methods A cross-sectional prospective study was performed including consecutive patients who underwent a laparoscopic procedure during a 4 months period. All the patients were assessed both clinically (TSIHc) and by an ultrasonographic examination (TSIHu). The main variable studied was the incidence of TSIH. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors. Results 76 patients were included. 27.6% of patients were clinically diagnosed as having TSIH (TSIHc) but only 23.7% of those cases were radiologically confirmed (TSIHu). In the logistic regression analysis, age > 70 years (OR 3.462 CI 1.14–10.515, p = 0.028) and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 (OR 3.313 CI 1.037–10.588, p = 0.043) were identified as risk factors for TSIH. The size of the trocar also showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.001). Mean follow-up time was 34 months. Conclusions TSIH is under-diagnosed due to the lack of related symptomatology and the inadequacy of the postoperative follow-up period. We detected discrepancies between the clinical and ultrasonographic examinations. TSIHu should be considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis of TSIH. Risk factors such as age, BMI and size of the trocar were confirmed. Patients should be followed-up for a minimum of 2 years. Trial registration The study has been retrospectively registered in Clinicaltrials.gov on June 4, 2020 under registration number: NCT04410744

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