Next generation aircrafts will use more electrical power to reduce weight, fuel consumption, system complexity and greenhouse gas emissions. However, new failure modes and challenges arise related to the required voltage increase and consequent rise of electrical stress on wiring insulation materials, thus increasing the risk of electrical arc appearance. This work performs a critical and comprehensive review concerning arc tracking effects in wiring insulation systems, underlying mechanisms, role of materials and possible mitigation strategies, with a special focus on aircraft applications. To this end an evaluation of the scientific and technological state of the art is carried out from the analysis of theses, research articles, technical reports, international standards and white papers. This review paper also reports the limitations of existing insulation materials, standard test methods and mitigation approaches, while identifying the research needs to comply with the future demands of the aircraft industry.
This paper proposes a white-box approach for identifying the parameters of DC-DC buck and boost switch mode power converters. It is based on discretizing the differential equations that describe the dynamic behavior of the converters. From the discretized equations and experimental data, the parameters of the converters are identified, thus obtaining both the values of the passive components and the transfer function coefficients of the controller. To this end, steady state and transient experimental signals are analyzed, including the input and output voltages and the inductor and output currents. To determine the accuracy of the proposed method, once the parameters are identified, a simulation with the identified parameters of the converter is run and compared with experimental signals. Such results show the accuracy and feasibility of the approach proposed in this work, which can be extended to other converters and electrical and electronic devices.
This paper analyzes fixed-speed induction generator modeling oriented to rotor speed stability studies. The single-and double-cage models are compared. The effects of symmetrical voltage sags on generator behavior are studied in detail. The rotor speed stability of the turbine is also examined and rotor speed recovery time is proposed as an indicator of system stability. Significant differences in the results obtained for both models were found, e.g., the double-cage model shows better speed and voltage stability. For some generator designs, the single-cage model can lead to erroneous stability predictions because manufacturer data of such designs can only be fulfilled with a double-cage model. The use of the latter to simulate fixed-speed wind turbines with this type of designs is therefore strongly recommended. The simulations were carried out using PSpice and PSCAD/EMTDC. Index Terms-Double-cage model, fixed-speed wind turbine, induction generator, rotor speed stability, single-cage model, symmetrical faults.
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