To meet increasing demand for higher reliability in power electronics converters applicable in electric vehicles, fault detection (FD) is an important part of the control algorithm. In this study, a model-based open transistor fault diagnsosis method is presented for a voltage-source inverter (VSI) supplying a five-phase permanent magnet motor drive. To realise this goal, a model-based observer is designed to estimate model parameters. After that, the estimated parameters are used to design a sliding mode observer in order to estimate the phase current in an ideal model. Subsequently, the proposed FD technique measures the similarity between the estimated current and real current using cross-correlation factor. This factor is used for the first time in this study to define a FD index in VSI. The presented FD scheme is simple and fast; also, it is able to detect multiple open switch or open phase faults in contrast to conventional methods. On the other side, in order to track reference current of the motor, the estimated parameters are used to design a proportional resonant controller. The FD technique is used to operate a multiphase fault-tolerant brushless direct current (BLDC) motor drive. Experimental results on a five-phase BLDC motor with in-wheel outer rotor applicable in electrical vehicles are conducted to validate the theory.Postprint (author’s final draft
Visual corona tests have been broadly applied for identifying the critical corona points of diverse high-voltage devices, although other approaches based on partial discharge or radio interference voltage measurements are also widely applied to detect corona activity. Nevertheless, these two techniques must be applied in screened laboratories, which are scarce and expensive, require sophisticated instrumentation, and typically do not allow location of the discharge points. This paper describes the detection of the visual corona and location of the critical corona points of a sphere-plane gap configurations under different pressure conditions ranging from 100 to 20 kPa, covering the pressures typically found in aeronautic environments. The corona detection is made with a low-cost CMOS imaging sensor from both the visible and ultraviolet (UV) spectrum, which allows detection of the discharge points and their locations, thus significantly reducing the complexity and costs of the instrumentation required while preserving the sensitivity and accuracy of the measurements. The approach proposed in this paper can be applied in aerospace applications to prevent the arc tracking phenomenon, which can lead to catastrophic consequences since there is not a clear protection solution, due to the low levels of leakage current involved in the pre-arc phenomenon.
Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University's research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/policies.html This document may differ from the final, published version of the research and has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies. To read and/or cite from the published version of the research, please visit the publisher's website (a subscription may be required.) Abstract -Multiphase brushless direct current (BLDC) motors can meet the increasing demand for higher reliability in motor drives applicable in electric vehicles by integrating fault diagnosis to a faulttolerant (FT) control method. To achieve this goal, a modified FT finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) is proposed in this paper. The dead beat control is used to predict the reference voltage applied by the inverter. A sensitivity analysis is done to show the effect of model uncertainty on the controller performance. In addition, a simple, fast and general open switch and short circuit fault detection (FD) method in voltage source inverter (VSI) is presented. The FD method is capable of detecting open switch, open phase, and short circuit faults without any auxiliary variable. Moreover, it is robust to both speed and load transients in a motor drive. To validate the presented theory, experimental results are conducted on a five-phase BLDC motor drive with outer rotor in wheel structure.
Next generation aircrafts will use more electrical power to reduce weight, fuel consumption, system complexity and greenhouse gas emissions. However, new failure modes and challenges arise related to the required voltage increase and consequent rise of electrical stress on wiring insulation materials, thus increasing the risk of electrical arc appearance. This work performs a critical and comprehensive review concerning arc tracking effects in wiring insulation systems, underlying mechanisms, role of materials and possible mitigation strategies, with a special focus on aircraft applications. To this end an evaluation of the scientific and technological state of the art is carried out from the analysis of theses, research articles, technical reports, international standards and white papers. This review paper also reports the limitations of existing insulation materials, standard test methods and mitigation approaches, while identifying the research needs to comply with the future demands of the aircraft industry.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.