The present study has been designed to evaluate the liver protective and in-vivo antioxidant role of Ethanolic extract (EtAS) and Ethyl acetate extract (EAAS) of roots of Argyreia speciosa, an important 'rasayana' herb in Indian System of medicine, in CCl 4 -induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats. Animals were treated with EtAS and EAAS at doses of 200 mg and 400 mg / kg body weight p.o. along with CCl 4 (0.7 ml / kg in olive oil, 1:1 v/v i.p. on every alternate days) for seven days. Serum biochemical parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, ALP, cholesterol, total and direct bilirubin were determined. Antoixidant status in liver was determined by measuring the activities of Super oxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase and Peroxidase. Histopathological study of isolated liver specimens was also carried out to know the protection offered by the extracts. There was a significant rise in the levels of serum GOT, GPT, and ALP and other biochemical parameters, decrease in the levels of SOD, Catalase and Peroxidase after administration of CCl 4 . Suspensions of EtAS and EAAS (200 and 400 mg/ kg) successfully prevented the alterations of these effects in rats (p< 0.001). Histopathological examination demonstrated that CCl 4 treated group induces ballooning degeneration and centrilobular necrosis. Groups treated with EtAS and EAAS showed recovery on ballooning degeneration and centrlobular bridging necrosis was occasionally present. Data also showed that these extracts possessed strong antioxidant activity, and were comparable to Silymarin, a well known liver protecting herbal formulation.
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Because
of the superior optical and electrical properties, copper-impregnated
size tuneable high-temperature stable manganese dioxide semiconductor
quantum dots (SQDs) have been successfully synthesized by a modified
chemical synthesis technique. Their size-dependent dielectric properties,
semiconducting properties, and current–voltage (I–V) characteristics have been investigated.
X-ray diffraction pattern and Raman spectra confirmed that the required
phase is present. Because of the different sintering temperature tuneable
size of SQDs has been found and confirmed by high-resolution transmission
electron microscopy. The band gap energy of the material is found
to be 1.25–1.67 eV, measured from Tauc plot using UV–vis
absorbance spectrum and their semiconducting properties have been
confirmed by the non linear current–voltage (I–V) behavior. Most intense green emission
peak of photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy confirms the oxygen vacancy
defect state. The stoke shifting of Raman spectra, UV absorption,
and PL emission are the footprint of quantum confinement effect. Incorporation
of a little amount of Cu in tetragonal hollandite structure of α-MnO2 generates strain within that structure. This leads to create
sufficient crystal defect state as well as rise in dielectric constant
accompanied with low dielectric loss and higher ac conductivity. All
these highly desirable properties make the SQDs a potential candidate
for developing multifunctional photo-electronic devices. Owing to
the tuneable band gap and electronic transport of the SQDs, we realized
that the controllable size paves the way for designing SQDs possessing
unique properties for optical and electronic device applications.
Using this material as a high dielectric separator, a high-performance
supercapacitor has been successfully fabricated which can light up
15 light-emitting diodes for 47 min 23 s after charging them only
for 30 s.
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