In comparison with patients who have idiopathic intracranial hypertension, our small series of 14 patients diagnosed after the age of 44 years were more often men, were less often obese, were less symptomatic, and had identifiable causes of intracranial hypertension in a substantial minority (29%). The visual prognosis in this age group is generally good. Because the nonidiopathic causes of PTC would be overlooked by adhering to the Modified Dandy Criteria, we propose a modification that excludes patients who have dural venous sinus disease demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging and those who may be exposed to medications or toxins or have systemic disorders that are known to increase intracranial pressure.

This study aimed to review studies focused on the affective comorbidities associated with myasthenia gravis and to determine the extent to which neuromuscular treatment modalities address non-somatic aspects of autoimmune myasthenia gravis. Depression, anxiety, and emotional hyperactivity can aggravate myasthenia gravis, hinder accurate diagnoses, and presumably influence overall health-related quality of life. Studies were identified using PubMed Medline and Web of Science to assess the effects of psychological factors on myasthenia gravis, encompassing 49 years of research worldwide. After analysis, approximately 6,060 patients from 32 studies worldwide between 1971 and 2020 were included. Standard-of-care approaches to diagnosis and treatment continue to underappreciate the prevalence or impact of mood disorders in myasthenia gravis. The majority of studies evaluated demonstrated an association between myasthenia gravis and mood disorders. However, the initiative to detect and treat affective comorbidities probably remains suboptimal. Although treatments for the somatic effects of myasthenia gravis have evolved over the past century, the paradigm of clinical practice has yet to adequately address the management of psychological impacts on the disease. This review is hoped to raise the necessary awareness in this regard.

Probable cases of pseudotumor cerebri were described more than a hundred years ago. A great deal of controversy existed regarding proper terminology and disease characterization. The clinical entity was doubtful before the routine use of ventriculography in the 1930s. Throughout history, many terms have been used, including serous meningitis, pseudotumor cerebri, otitic hydrocephalus, angioneurotic hydrocephalus, toxic hydrocephalus, meningeal hypertension, hypertensive meningeal hydrops, pseudoabscess, intracranial hypertension of unknown cause, papilledema of indeterminate etiology, intracranial pressure without brain tumor, benign intracranial hypertension, and idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

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