BACKGROUND
Providencia rettgeri is a rare cause of nosocomial infection in humans. These organisms are capable of biofilm production and are intrinsically resistant to commonly used antibiotics, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. P. rettgeri may very rarely cause postneurosurgical infection.
OBSERVATIONS
In this report, the authors describe two patients in whom P. rettgeri infection complicated the postoperative course. Both the patients underwent craniotomy at approximately the same time under similar environments. The organism isolated was resistant to most of the commonly used antibiotics, and therapy tailored to the results of susceptibility testing led to resolution of infection in both cases.
LESSONS
P. rettgeri is a rare cause of postneurosurgical nosocomial infection. Timely identification and early tailoring of antibiotic therapy based on susceptibility testing is the key to treatment. Every effort should be made to identify the source of infection and rectify it so that mortality, morbidity, and financial burden are reduced. Contact isolation and use of sterile gloves after each patient contact are effective in preventing its spread, as in most cases of nosocomial infection.
Introduction: Foodborne illnesses are caused by consumption of contaminated foods. The risk of food getting contaminated depends largely on the health status of the food handlers, their personal hygiene, knowledge and practice of food hygiene. Hence, this study aimed to assess the proportion of Salmonella among food handlers working in the cafeteria of Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal.
Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from March 2018 to February 2019. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the sociodemographic characteristics, the knowledge and the risk factors of the participants. A total of 62 stool samples were collected and processed according to the standard microbiological procedures. All the Salmonella isolates were identified by biochemical tests. Additionally, antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines 2017, using Kirby-Baur disk diffusion method. Data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Service for window version 21.0. Descriptive statistics were computed and chi-square test was applied at 5% level of significance. P-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Results: Total of 62 food handlers were included in the study. Majority of the cafeteria workers 46(74.2%) were not aware of proper hand washing technique. Of the 62 food handlers working in the cafeteria, Salmonella were isolated from 12(19.4%) stool specimens. All the Salmonella isolates were sensitive to amikacin (100%), followed by imipenem (91.7%) and cefotaxime (91.7%). However, the highest rate of antibiotic resistance among Salmonella isolates was noted for amoxicillin (58.3%).
Conclusions: This study showed increased proportion of Salmonella carriers among the food handlers of cafeteria. Salmonella carriage among food handlers is of great concern as they can be the source of foodborne illness. Therefore, educating the food handlers of cafeteria about personnel hygiene may play a pivotal role in minimizing the incidence of foodborne illness and the associated morbidity
Background: Enterococcus an important uropathogen has appeared to be of great therapeutic challenge globally due to its intrinsic and acquired resistance to multiple antibiotics. High level aminoglycoside and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus has narrowed the treatment options. Thus, the aim of this study was to detect the current antibiogram trend of Enterococcus species isolated from urine samples.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in urine sample of patients attending Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital from September 2021 to May 2022. Ethical clearance was obtained from Institutional Review Committee. Enterococcus species was isolated and antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Simple random sampling was done and data was analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.
Results: A total of 61 (10.62 %) Enterococcus species were isolated from 574 culture positive urine samples. Enterococcus isolates were highly susceptible to linezolid 60 (98.4%), vancomycin 56 (91.8%) and nitrofurantoin 50 (82.0%) whereas less susceptible to ampicillin 16 (26.2%). Multidrug resistant Enterococcus was identified commonly from 25 (73.5%) in-patients. Nitrofurantoin was sensitive among 4 (80.0%) vancomycin resistant isolates. Only 4 (16.0%) Enterococcal isolates were sensitive to both ampicillin and high-level gentamicin.
Conclusions: Emergence of multidrug resistant Enterococcus in our institution is worrisome. Nitrofurantoin remains a useful drug and shows high efficacy in vitro against emerging vancomycin resistant isolates. Combination of ampicillin and high-level gentamicin is used to treat complicated urinary tract infection; however, it seems less effective in our scenario.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.