The advancement of technologies over years has poised Internet of Things (IoT) to scoop out untapped information and communication technology opportunities. It is anticipated that IoT will handle the gigantic network of billions of devices to deliver plenty of smart services to the users. Undoubtedly, this will make our life more resourceful but at the cost of high energy consumption and carbon footprint. Consequently, there is a high demand for green communication to reduce energy consumption, which requires optimal resource availability and controlled power levels. In contrast to this, IoT devices are constrained in terms of resources-memory, power, and computation. Low power wide area (LPWA) technology is a response to the need for efficient utilization of power resource, as it evinces characteristics such as the capability to proffer low power connectivity to a huge number of devices spread over wide geographical areas at low cost. Various LPWA technologies, such as LoRa and SigFox, exist in the market, offering a proficient solution to the users. However, in order to abstain the need of new infrastructure (like base station) that is required for proprietary technologies, a new cellular-based licensed technology, narrowband IoT (NBIoT), is introduced by 3GPP in Rel-13. This technology presents a good candidature to handle LPWA market because of its characteristics like enhanced indoor coverage, low power consumption, latency insensitivity, and massive connection support towards NBIoT. This survey presents a profound view of IoT and NBIoT, subsuming their technical features, resource allocation, and energy-efficiency techniques and applications. The challenges that hinder the NBIoT path to success are also identified and discussed. In this paper, two novel energy-efficient techniques ''zonal thermal pattern analysis'' and energy-efficient adaptive health monitoring system have been proposed towards green IoT. INDEX TERMS Internet of Things (IoT), narrowband Internet of Things (NBIoT), low power wide area network (LPWAN), green communication, smart agriculture, smart health.

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Fungal diseases not only influence the economic importance of the plants and its products but also abate their ecological prominence. Mango tree, specifically the fruits and the leaves are highly affected by the fungal disease named as Anthracnose. The main aim of this paper is to develop an appropriate and effective method for diagnosis of the disease and its symptoms, therefore espousing a suitable system for an early and cost-effective solution of this problem. Over the last few years, due to their higher performance capability in terms of computation and accuracy, computer vision, and deep learning methodologies have gained popularity in assorted fungal diseases classification. Therefore, for this paper, a multilayer convolutional neural network (MCNN) is proposed for the classification of the Mango leaves infected by the Anthracnose fungal disease. This paper is validated on a real-time dataset captured at the

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