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Summary We conducted a prospective study to determine the epidural tip culture pattern and its clinical implication in postoperative cancer patients. All patients scheduled to undergo various cancer surgeries requiring epidural analgesia were included. Epidural catheter tips were sent for culture on removal. Of the 466 epidural catheter tips sent for culture, 27 showed a positive culture (5.7%). The commonest organism identified was Staphylococcus aureus. There were no signs of local or epidural space infection in any of the patients. The rates of epidural catheter tip cultures in cancer patients are comparable to those in the general patients and the presence of a positive tip culture is not a predictor of epidural space infection. Hence, we recommend that even in cancer patients, routine culture of epidural catheters is not advisable, provided strict asepsis is maintained at the time of insertion, and patients are constantly monitored for early signs of epidural infection.

Withania somnifera l " Solanaceae l " Ayurveda l " ashwagandha l " stability l " withaferin A l " withanolide A

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To respond to the public panic, government and private research organizations of every country keep working on the COVID-19 pandemic, even though still there is a lack of more efficacious medicine for the choice of Coronavirus disease treatment. To counteract on this situation several approved drugs including anti-malarial (hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine), and few anti-viral (remdesvir) agents are choice of treatment for COVID-19. However, these agents suffer from certain limitation in their uses and pointed that there is no specific treatment or vaccine available to counter this contagious disease. Hence, there is urgent requirement to find a specific cure for the disease. In this view, there are several ongoing clinical trials of both western and traditional medicines. In present study, phytochemicals from Camellia sinensis were retrieved from the database and identified based on their ability to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) against SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Camellia sinensis entails of a massive number of phytochemicals with a good source of polyphenols such as Catechin, Epicatechin, Epigallocatechin and (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate. Molecular docking was performed using the GLIDE docking module of Schrodinger Suite software. The analysis displayed docking score for the five polyphenols i.e. theaflavin (− 8.701), 1-O-caffeoylquinic acid (− 7.795), Genistein (− 7.168), Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (− 6.282) and Ethyl trans-caffeate (− 5.356). Interestingly, theaflavin and Epigallocatechin 3-gallate have not revealed any side effects. These polyphenolic compounds had a strong binding affinity with hydrogen bonds and a good drug-likeness score. Therefore, Camellia sinensis could be the beneficial option in the prophylaxis of the COVID-19 outbreak.

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