The medicinal plants are widely used by the traditional medicinal practitioners for curing various diseases in their day to day practice. In traditional system of medicine, different parts (leaves, stem, flower, root, seeds and even whole plant) of Ocimum sanctum Linn. have been recommended for the treatment of bronchitis, malaria, diarrhea, dysentery, skin disease, arthritis, eye diseases, insect bites and so on. The O. sanctum L. has also been suggested to possess anti-fertility, anticancer, antidiabetic, antifungal, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, analgesic, antispasmodic and adaptogenic actions. Eugenol (1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-allylbenzene), the active constituents present in O. sanctum L. have been found to be largely responsible for the therapeutic potentials. The pharmacological studies reported in the present review confirm the therapeutic value of O. sanctum L. The results of the above studies support the use of this plant for human and animal disease therapy and reinforce the importance of the ethno-botanical approach as a potential source of bioactive substances.
HighlightsMucormycosis is a rare but invasive opportunistic fungal infection.We report an unusual presentation of mucormycosis of ascending colon that was simulating carcinoma colon.Knowing this unusual presentation, surgeon need to maintain a high index of suspicion and perform timely & appropriate diagnostic evaluation to improve patient outcome.
INTRODUCTIONFollicular carcinoma of thyroid usually behaves in an indolent manner with low metastatic potential. Distant metastases as initial presentation is rare in follicular carcinoma; especially in young patients.PRESENTATION OF CASEWe report the clinical, pathological features and the management of three different cases of follicular carcinoma of the thyroid with unusual presentations at the time of diagnosis. First case presented as thyroid abscess, second case with a large skull swelling in a pre-exiting goiter and the third case with a swelling in the sternum.DISCUSSIONFollicular carcinoma of thyroid is the second category of well-differentiated thyroid cancer that constitutes about 10% of all thyroid malignancies. Blood borne metastasis is common with spread to lung, bone and other solid organs. In less than 10% cases of follicular carcinoma, there is evidence of lymphatic involvement. The patients’ presentations above are highly unusual.CONCLUSIONRecognizing these cases has a significant impact on clinical decision-making and prognosis of the patients. Treatment in these patients should be individualized and an alternative therapeutic approach should be considered.
INTRODUCTIONFibroadenomas are among the most common tumours of the female breast, occurring most frequently in women of child-bearing age, especially those under 30 years.PRESENTATION OF CASEWe report a case with a total of 27 fibroadenomas presenting bilaterally of a 46-year-old woman. The histopathologic and immunophenotypic features of the fibroadenomata are described.DISCUSSIONMost fibroadenomas are present as single mass, however the presence of multiple fibroadenomata can be seen in 15–20% of the patients. It has been reported that the average number of masses in cases of multiple fibroadenomas is 3–4 in a single breast but occurrence of more than five fibroadenomas in an individual patient is much less common.CONCLUSIONThere are few reports of multiple fibroadenomas. We report this case hoping to expand the literature and to provide insight to aetiology of multiple fibroadenoma formation and advice on management.
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