Robot-assisted video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy is a feasible technique which allows for a similar nodal yield while being associated with lower morbidity than open inguinal lymph node dissection in patients without bulky groin adenopathy.

Many previous studies showed that seam appearance as well as performance depends on the interrelationship of fabrics, threads, and the stitch/seam selection and lastly on the sewing conditions, which include the needle size, needle thread tension, stitch density, and the appropriate operation and maintenance of the sewing machine. Present investigation elucidates the effect of blend composition, sewing thread size, and sewing needle parameters on garment seam characteristics (i.e., seam strength, seam strength efficiency, seam puckering, seam stiffness, and drape coefficient). The seam quality characterization is studied through the L9 orthogonal design methodology. In good quality apparels, compatibility of the seams with the functional requirement is very important for serviceability and life of the apparel. Reversibility as well as repairing of seams in the apparel is very limited in the condition of seam failure. Seam strength efficiency is higher for the uniform fiber matrix in the structure of fabrics. The polyester dominated suiting fabrics give minimum seam stiffness because polyester component has low flexural rigidity. The cotton dominated suiting fabrics have less seam puckering due to increase in fabric stiffness.

In cervical epidural steroid injections performed in the midline at C6-C7 and C7-T1, the contrast consistently covers the dorsal cervical epidural space bilaterally, irrespective of the volume used or neck flexion angle used. This suggests that solutions introduced here would cover the dorsal cervical epidural space. This questions the utility of performing potentially more dangerous injections at higher cervical levels or more invasive procedures, such as the use of epidural catheters.

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Aim:Present study was done with an aim to analyse the clinicopathological and survival characteristics of male breast cancer patients.Methods:We did a retrospective review of our database and analysed total 27 patients who presented to breast oncology unit of Rajiv Gandhi cancer centre and research institute from January 2010 to April 2016.Results:Most common stage at presentation in our study was in stage II. The median follow up was 32.75 months. The actuarial 5-year survival was 92.30% and DFS was 76.30%. Only hormone receptor status was found as a significant prognostic variable among the prognostic factors studied for disease free survival.Conclusions:Carcinoma breast in male is a relatively rare disease and management principles are translated from our understanding of breast cancer in women. A relatively early stage at presentation is a contrasting finding of our series which may be responsible for a significantly better actuarial 5 year survival rates.

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the enamel surface roughness before bonding and after debonding, to find correlation between the adhesive remnant index and its effect on enamel surface roughness and to evaluate which clean-up method is most efficient to provide a smoother enamel surface.Material and Methods135 premolars were divided into 3 groups containing 45 premolars in each group. Group I was bonded by using moisture insensitive primer, Group II by using conventional orthodontic adhesive and Group III by using self-etching primer. Each group was divided into 3 sub-groups on the basis of type of clean-up method applied i,e scaling followed by polishing, tungsten carbide bur and Sof-Lex disc. Enamel surface roughness was measured and compared before bonding and after clean-up.ResultsEvaluation of pre bonding and post clean-up enamel surface roughness (Ra value) with the t test showed that Post clean-up Ra values were greater than Pre bonding Ra values in all the groups except in teeth bonded with self-etching primer cleaned with Sof-Lex disc. Reliability of ARI score taken at different time interval tested with Kruskal Wallis test suggested that all the readings were reliable.ConclusionsNo clean-up procedure was able to restore the enamel to its original smoothness. Self-etching primer and Sof-Lex disc clean-up method combination restored the enamel surface roughness (Ra value) closest to its pre-treatment value. Key words:Enamel surface roughness, clean-up method, adhesive remnant index.

V isualization has let scientists gain an understanding of their data that was not previously possible. However, lack of integration among the various software modules often separates the visualization process from the computation that generates the data.VizCraft is a problem-solving environment that aids designers during the configuration design of a high-speed civil transport (HSCT). VizCraft provides a graphical user interface to a widely used suite of simulation and analysis codes for HSCT design, 1 and it provides tools for visualizing the outputs of these codes. So, VizCraft provides an environment that combines visualization and computation, encouraging the designer to think in terms of the overall problem-solving task, not simply using the visualization to view the computation's results. The HSCT design problemWe want to minimize the takeoff gross weight (TOGW) for a 250-passenger HSCT with a range of 5,500 nautical miles and a Mach 2.4 cruise speed. The simplified mission profile includes takeoff, supersonic cruise, and landing. Typically, aircraft design comprises three distinct phases: conceptual, preliminary, and detailed design. The conceptual-design stage determines and sets major design parameters for the final configuration. It models an aircraft with a set of values for significant parameters relating to the aircraft geometry, internal structure, systems, and mission.Individual designs can be (and are) viewed as points in a multidimensional design space. The designer must determine that a proposed design point• is feasible (it satisfies a series of constraints) and • has a figure of merit determined by an objective function.The goal is then to find the feasible point with the smallest objective-function value. The multidisciplinary HSCT design problem uses TOGW as the objective function. TOGW is a nonlinear, implicit function of the 29 design variables that define the HSCT configuration and mission.