ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between preoperative hypoalbuminemia and the development of complications after gynecological cancer surgery, as well as postoperative bowel function and hospital stay. MethodsThe medical records of 533 patients with gynecological cancer surgery at Konkuk University Hospital between 2005 and 2013 were reviewed. Serum albumin level <3.5 g/dL was defined as hypoalbuminemia. All perioperative complications within 30-days after surgery, time to resumption of normal diet and length of postoperative hospital stay, were analyzed. Regression models were used to assess predictors of postoperative morbidity. ResultsThe median age was 49 years (range, 13 to 85 years). Eighty patients (15%) had hypoalbuminemia. Hypoalbuminemic patients had significantly higher consumption of alcohol >2 standard drinks per day, lower American Society of Anesthesiologist score, higher frequency of ascites, and more advanced stage compared with non-hypoalbuminemic patients. Overall complication rate within 30-days after surgery was 20.3% (108 out ConclusionPreoperative hypoalbuminemia in patients with elective surgery for gynecologic malignancy is an independent predictor of 30-days postoperative complications. Identification of this subset and preoperative optimization of nutritional status may improve surgical outcomes.

Background: To identify sarcopenia as a predictive prognostic factor of ovarian cancer in terms of survival outcome in patients with early-stage ovarian cancer. Methods: Data of Konkuk University Medical Center from March 2002 to December 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients who underwent surgery due to early-stage (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I/II) ovarian cancer and had computed tomography (CT) images taken at the initial diagnosis were included. The initial CT scan images were analyzed with SliceOmatic software (TomoVision). A sarcopenia cutoff value was defined as a skeletal muscle index of ≤ 38.7 cm 2 /m 2. Overall survival (OS) times were compared according to the existence of sarcopenia, and subgroup analyses were performed. Results: A Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant survival disadvantage for patients with early-stage ovarian cancer when they had sarcopenia (P < 0.001; log-rank test). Sarcopenia remained a significant prognostic factor for OS in early-stage ovarian cancer, in a Cox proportional hazards model regression analysis (HR, 21.9; 95% CI, 2.0-199.9; P = 0.006). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that sarcopenia was predictive of OS in patients with early-stage ovarian cancer. Further prospective studies with a larger number of patients are warranted to determine the extent to which sarcopenia can be used as a prognostic factor in ovarian cancer.

Salpingectomy in infertile patients does not have any negative effect on their subsequent fertility treatment, but further studies should be performed before this result can be considered definitive.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Purpose:This study aimed to compare the regulatory T cells in cord blood of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates with those of small for gestational age (SGA) neonates. Materials and Methods: Umbilical cord blood was collected upon labor in 108 healthy full-term (between 37 and 41 gestational weeks) neonates, who were born between November 2010 and April 2012. Among them, 77 samples were obtained from AGA neonates, and 31 samples were obtained from SGA neonates. Regulatory T cells and lymphocyte subsets were determined using a flow cytometer. Student's t-test for independent samples was used to compare differences between AGA and SGA neonates. Results: Regulatory T cells in cord blood were increased in the SGA group compared with normal controls (p=0.041). However, cytotoxic T cells in cord blood were significantly decreased in the SGA group compared with normal controls (p=0.007). Conclusion: This is the first study to compare the distribution of lymphocyte subsets including regulatory T cells in cord blood between AGA neonates and SGA neonates.

Ectopic pregnancy is an implantation of the fertilized ovum on a place except the endometrium. Most of the ectopic pregnancies are located at the fallopian tube. Only the 1.4% of ectopic pregnancies are abdominal pregnancies, of which only 15 cases of retroperitoneal pregnancies are reported all over the world. In this case, a 21-year-old woman presented with back pain and amenorrhrea for 5+2 weeks with no past history. During the laparoscopic operation, there was retroperitoneal hematoma which was located between right paracolic gutter and presacral area and there was no adnexal mass or free pelvic fl uid to be found. We stopped the operation and performed computed tomography angiography, in which small peripheral enhanced cystic lesion in pericaval space and large amount of hematoma in perirenal space were revealed. We performed explo-lapratomy, and eliminated the gestational sac which was located between the inferior vena cava and ureter. We report very rare case of retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy with brief review of literature.

Gynecologic disease during pregnancy has various effects on and changes by pregnancy according to diagnoses. With recent advancement in diagnostic techniques such as ultrasonography, it makes possible for some disease to diagnose accurately. By predicting complication and treating appropriately, not only treatment but also prognosis can be improved. This study aims to investigate the effect of benign gynecologic disease on pregnancy, diagnosis, and treatment when associated with pregnancy.

A vortex tube is a simple device that separates incoming gas into cold and hot gases. Several theories have been proposed to explain the principle of energy separation in the vortex tube. Existing theories have advantages and defects. Recently, various studies employed numerical simulations to study the flow in the vortex tube. As a result, flow structures were well clarified. However, in most cases, the temperature separation was partially discussed based on the temperature distribution in the radial direction. This study aimed to explain the principle of energy separation in the vortex tube. To do so, the relative contributions of the radial pressure gradient, axial pressure gradient, and viscous dissipation to the temperature separation were investigated using numerical simulations and energy equation analysis. The results indicated that the axial pressure gradient in the near-axis region was the major contributor to an increase in hot exit temperature. In addition, the reason for the increase in hot exit temperature with an increase in cold mass fraction was explained. The reason for the decrease in cold exit temperature with an increase in cold mass fraction was also explained.

Adenomyosis has been well known to be associated with infertility, spontaneous rupture of the uterus during labor in a primiparous woman, spontaneous preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and delayed postpartum hemorrhage. We recently experienced a case of preterm delivery at 29 gestational weeks in a primigravid woman with uterine adenomyosis. We report the case of preterm delivery accompanied by various complications such as uncontrolled pain, preterm labor, and oligohydramnios in a woman with uterine adenomyosis.