Anoa are fully protected under Indonesian Law since 1931 (Law of Protection of Wild Animals 1931, no 134). Increasing law enforcement regarding hunting as well as promoting awareness of the Anoas unique threatened the existence of conservation measures. The modern concept of conservation based on the sustainability utilization, and therefore the knowledge of the Anoa preference in feeding to support the sustainability conservation should be studied. In the present study, the combination of direct observation methods which was done in the Lore Lindu National Park in Toro village at District Kulawi, Central Sulawesi and the epidermal analysis method which was carried out to Anoa's dung were aimed to identify the vegetations preferred by Anoa in their habitat. The result showed 28 species of vegetations was used as feed by Anoa on in situ area. According to its percentage, the first ten were Freycinetia insignis Blume (17%), Microlepia todayensis Christ (8.9%), Disoxylum sp (8.6%), Lasianthus clementis Merr (7.7%), Clusia sp (7.5%), Schleria sp (6%), Podocarpus imbricatus (5.4%), Smilax leucophylla (5.1%), Elastostema sp (4.2%), and Garcinia sp (3.8%), respectively. Furthermore, it can be concluded that Anoa was eat more leafs and shrubs/bushes (each 24%, respectively) compared to flowers (18%), fruits (12%), shoots (8%), grasses, tubers, young grooves (each 4%, respectively) and moss (2%). Nutritionally, Anoa consumed 8.8% protein and 25.6% crude fiber.
ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Stigma merupakan masalah yang dihadapi orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA). Dampak buruk terjadinya stigma adalah sulitnya memutuskan rantai penularan HIV/AIDS. Stigma dapat terjadi dimana saja, salah satunya didalam pelayanan kesehatan dan pelaku stigma adalah perawat. Perawat merupakan bagian garis depan dalam melakukan perawatan yang seharusnya tidak melakukan sikap negatif seperti stigma. Sikap stigma yang dilakukan oleh perawat disebabkan karena adanya ketakutan dan adanya kesalahan presepsi tetang penularan atau pencegahan HIV/AIDS. Faktor yang menyebabkan hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan stigma perawat terkait ODHA di salah satu rumah sakit swasta di Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah perawat yang bekerja di bangsal yang kemungkinan menangani pasien ODHA di salah satu rumah sakit swasta di Yogyakarta dengan jumlah 63 orang. Data diambil dari bulan Desember 2016-Februari 2017. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan kuesioner HIV-KQ-18 untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan dan kuesioner SHASS untuk mengukur sikap stigma. Pada kuesioner HIV-KQ-18 dilakukan uji kerterbacaan. Kuesioner SHASS telah dilakukan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas pada penelitian sebelumnya. Analisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman rank. Hasil: Sebanyak 40 (63.5%) responden mempunyai pengetahuan cukup dan sebanyak 50 (79.4%) responden mempunyai stigma tinggi. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan stigma perawat terkait ODHA di salah satu RS swasta di Yogyakarta. Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan perawat tentang ODHA masih perlu ditingkatkan. Perlu dilakukan usaha terkait masih tingginya stigma perawat tentang ODHA, misalnya bagi institusi pendidikan dapat menambahkan kurikulum stigma perawat terkait ODHA, melakukan kuliah atau workshop dengan ahli, ODHA, Dinas Kesehatan, dan pelayanan kesehatan, dan pelatihan tentang HIV/AIDS.Kata kunci: ODHA, pengetahuan, stigma perawatKNOWLEDGE WITH NURSE’S STIGMA RELATED PLWHA ABSTRACTBackground: Stigma is a problem faced by people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The adverse effect of stigma is difficulty in conducting prevention for HIV/ADIS transmission. Stigma could be occur in everywhere, including health facilities with the actor are nurses. Nurse as a leading care provider should not giving stigma. Stigma produced by nurse are a result of scares and misperception regard HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention. These factors are affected by knowledge. Objective: To understand the correlation between knowledge with nurse’s stigma related PLWHA in the one of private hospital in Yogyakarta. Method: This was a quantitative research with cross sectional design. Subject on this research was 63 nurses whose working in the ward to handle care for PLWHA patients in a one of the private hospital in Yogyakarta. Data collected from December 2016 unitl February 2017. Instruments on this research was HIV-KQ-18 designed to measure the knowledge level and SHASS questionnaire to measure the stigma. The HIV-KQ-18 questionnaire was not tested for validity and reliability testing, only a reading test was conducted. The SHASS questionnaire has been tested for validity and reliability testing by previous researchers. Data analyzed with spearman rank correlation. Result: 40 respondents (63,5%) have enough knowledge and 50 respondents (79,4%) in a high stigma. There was no significant correlation between knowledge with nurse’s stigma related PLWHA in a one of the private hospital in Yogyakarta. Conclusion: Nurses knowledge about PLWHA still needs to be improved. Efforts need to be made regarding the high stigma of nurses about PLWHA, for example for educational institutions can add a stigma curriculum for nurses related to PLWHA, conduct lectures or workshops with experts, PLWHA, Health Services, and health services, and training about HIV/AIDS.Keyword: knowledge, nurses stigma, PLWHA
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