This work analyses Brazilian tropical wood exports, taking into consideration their performance and competitiveness from 2004 to 2011. The present paper aims to: a) determine the competitiveness of exports of goods: sawn wood and tropical plywood; and b) compare the performance of both products. The Constant Market Share model and the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RVAI) estimated competitiveness and performance. The results show that sawn wood has proven to be the only product to provide competitive gains over the analyzed period.
RESUMO:Neste trabalho, compararam-se os valores gerados pela análise econômica tradicional (Valor Presente Líquido -VPL) com as Opções Reais. Aplicou-se o método proposto por Copeland & Antikarov para opções arco-íris, devido às três variáveis estocásticas selecionadas, com decisão de abandono caso o valor do projeto com flexibilidade fosse menor que o valor do ativo subjacente. Possibilitando a geração do valor de flexibilidade para que o empreendedor tenha mais confiança na tomada de decisão no momento de investir em um projeto com Sistema Agroflorestal, com a visualização de diversos cenários em uma única análise. Os resultados demonstraram que a análise de viabilidade econômica com Opções Reais propicia a melhor visualização dos possíveis cenários, dentro de um intervalo gerado pela volatilidade dos preços. O VPL adotado como o valor do ativo subjacente foi de R$ 5.684,32, com a taxa de desconto (WACC) de 9,95% e taxa de juros livre de risco de 7,5%. Para determinar a volatilidade calculou-se: o desvio padrão do retorno logaritmizado (27,06), a média (0,0883), valores dos movimentos ascendentes (u) 1,3107 com probabilidade de ocorrência de 61,34% e descendentes (d) 0,7628 com probabilidade de 38,66%. O valor da opção em caso de abandono foi de R$ 2.059,01/ha positivo. Os resultados mostraram que o VPL superestimou o retorno do projeto e que seria viável abandoná-lo. THE THEORY OF REAL OPTIONS IN INVESTMENT ANALYSIS OF AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMSABSTRACT: In this study we compared the values generated by traditional economic analysis (Net Present Value -NPV) with Real Options Method. The objective was to apply the method proposed by Copeland & Antikarov for rainbow options, due to three stochastic variables selected with decision of abandonment if the project value with flexibility was less than the value of the underlying stock. It enabled the flexibility value generation in order to entrepreneurs to have more confidence in their decision when they are investing in a project with Agroforestry System, with different scenarios visualization in a single analysis. The results evidenced that the economic viability analysis, using Real Options, provided the best view of the possible scenarios, within a range generated by the prices volatility. The Net Present Value adopted as the underlying stock value was R$ 5,684.32, using the discount rate (WACC) of 9.95% and risk-free interest rate of 7.5%. To determine the volatility were calculated: the logarithmic return standard deviation (27.06), the average (0.0883), upward movements values (u) (1.3107) with 61.34% of probability and downward movements values (d)(0.7628) with 38.66% of probability. The option value in case of abandonment was R$ 2,059.01/ha positive. The results showed that the NPV overestimated the project return and that it would be viable to abandon it.
Tree varieties can include recent reforestation pastures, lumber grade trees, fruit trees, forage trees, windbreaks, pastureland, shade trees, and trees to provide conservation and soil improvement in pastures (Santos, 1990).
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