Resumo -A disposição de lodo de estação de tratamento de água (LETA) em áreas degradadas é uma alternativa para a gestão de resíduos e pode promover a recuperação destas áreas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de LETA nos teores de macronutrientes, carbono orgânico total (COT) e condutividade eletrolítica (CE) em amostras de solo degradado pela mineração de cassiterita. O LETA pode ser disposto em áreas degradadas, já que eleva os teores de Ca, Mg, K e o valor de pH do solo.Termos para indexação: salinização, mineração, condutividade elétrica, resíduo sólido, carbono orgânico total. Application of water treatment sludge in degraded soilAbstract -The application of water treatments sludge (WTS) in degraded soil is an alternative solution for this residual disposal and also for degraded soil recuperation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of application of WTS in content of macronutrients, total organic carbon (TOC) and electric conductivity (EC) in degraded soil by tin mining. The WTS can be used in degraded area, because it increases the contents of Ca, Mg, K and soil pH.
The application of water treatment sludge (WTS) to degraded soil is an alternative for both residue disposal and degraded soil reclaim. This study evaluated effects of the application of water treatment sludge to a Typic Hapludox soil degraded by tin mining in the National Forest of Jamari, State of Rondonia, Brazil, on the content of heavy metals. A completely randomized experimental design with five treatments was used: control (n = 4); chemical control, which received only liming (n = 4); and rates D 100 , D 150 and D 200 , which corresponded to 100, 150 and 200 mg of N-sludge kg -1 soil (n = 20), respectively. Thirty days after liming, period in which soil moisture was kept at 70% of the retention capacity, soil samples were taken and analyzed for total and extractable Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Cr. The application of WTS increased heavy-metal contents in the degraded soil. Although heavy metals were below their respective critical limits, sludge application onto degraded areas may cause hazardous environmental impact and thus must be monitored. Key words: soil reclaim, tin mining, Mehlich 1, environmental pollution METAIS PESADOS EM SOLO DEGRADADO TRATADO COM LODO DE ESTAÇÃO DE TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUARESUMO: A aplicação do lodo de estação de tratamento de água (LETA) em solos degradados é uma alternativa tanto para disposição desse resíduo como para a recuperação do solo. Neste trabalho avaliaram-se os efeitos do LETA nos teores de metais pesados em um Latossolo degradado por mineração de cassiterita na Floresta Nacional do Jamari, RO, Brasil. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos: testemunha (n = 4); testemunha química, que recebeu apenas calagem (n = 4) e doses D 100 , D 150 e D 200 (respectivamente 100, 150 e 200 mg de N kg -1 solo na forma de LETA), aplicadas antes da calagem (n = 20). Após 30 dias da calagem, período em que o solo contido nos vasos foi mantido com teor de umidade próximo à capacidade de retenção, coletaram-se amostras de solo, que foram analisadas com relação aos teores totais e extraíveis de Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni e Cr. A aplicação de LETA aumentou os teores dos metais pesados do solo. A aplicação deste tipo de lodo em áreas degradadas pode causar impacto ambiental e, portanto, deve ser monitorada. Palavras-chave: recuperação de solo, mineração de estanho, Mehlich 1, poluição
Na Amazônia são encontradas espécies cujos frutos apresentam quantidade de óleo com valor econômico para diferentes aplicações industriais. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o potencial de produção de óleo do tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) para a produção de biodiesel em diferentes áreas do Estado do Acre. As variáveis avaliadas para a caracterização foram: produção, quantidade de polpa (epicarpo+mesocarpo), castanha (endocarpo), amêndoas (semente do interior do endocarpo), teores de lipídios totais na amêndoa e na polpa e os atributos químicos do solo. O teor de lipídios na amêndoa foi de 21,9%, enquanto na polpa foi de 31,9%. Apesar da diversidade genética, o tucumã é uma espécie que possui boa produtividade em óleo, mesmo em solos ácidos e com baixa fertilidade, apresentando potencial para ser utilizado como uma fonte adicional de renda pelas comunidades amazonidas.Palavras-chave: biocombustivel, Amazônia, fertilidade do solo, diversidade genética Population variability in production of oil, total lipids in kernel and pulp of tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) collected in the Acre State, Brazil. In the Amazon region species are found whose fruits have quantities of oil with economic value for various industrial applications. This study had the objective to evaluate the potential of oils extracted from tucumã palm fruit (Astrocaryum aculeatum) found in different areas of the Acre State. The yield, amount of pulp (mesocarp + epicarp), seed (endocarp), kernel (seed inside the endocarp), total lipid (almond and the pulp), and chemical soil properties were evaluated. The content of lipids in kernel was 21.9%, while the pulp was 31.9%. Despite the genetic diversity, the tucumã palm fruit is a species that has good bio-oil yield, even in acid soils with low fertility, with potential to be used as an additional source of income for communities in the Amazon region.
Mining is an activity that tends to degrade the environment. The restoration of mining areas, aims to accelerate and improve the succession process according to its future use. The objective of this work was to rehabilitate a soil degraded by tin mining activities in the Amazon Basin (Jamari National Forest, State of Rondônia) with the application of water treatment sludge (WTS), and verify the effect of sludge on values of pH (CaCl 2 0.01 mol L -1 ), organic matter, P, Ca, Mg, K, H+Al, and soil micronutrient contents when cultivated with native plants, legumes, and grass species. A factorial (3 × 5) experimental design was used to optimize the rehabilitation of these areas including three N rates (100, 200, and 300 mg N kg -1 soil supplied by WTS), five plant species (grasses, legumes, and native plants), and two controls (degraded soil with no fertilizer and degraded soil fertilized with mineral fertilizers), with four replications. WTS increased pH values. The chemical products used to treat the water contributed, in greater extension, to increase soil Ca and Fe contents. The use of WTS as fertilizer proved viable, since it contains nutrients for plants; however, nitrogen should not be used as a criterion to define the rate of sludge application, because it is present at small amounts in the WTS.
Application of residuals to soil can favor the development of nutrient-poor agricultural areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the chemical attributes of soil after application of tannery sludge. The applied treatments were 1) Mineral control: 100 kg N ha-1 , applied in different stages (25% at planting and 75% when plant maize was in the 1.4 development stage); 2) tannery sludge: 50 kg ha ֿ¹; 100 kg ha ֿ¹; 200 kg ha ֿ¹; 400 kg ha ֿ¹; and 600 kg ha ֿ¹ of organic-N. All plots were treated with fertilizer (75 kg ha ֿ¹ P2O5 and 50 kg ha ֿ¹ K2O). In the mineral control, nitrogen was applied in ammonium sulphate form. Soil samples were analyzed to determinate pH, calcium, magnesium and aluminum in 1M KCl solution, potential acidity (hydrogen + aluminum in a calcium acetate solution pH 7), and potassium and sodium in a Mehlich 1 solution. The application of tannery sludge modified the chemical attributes of the soil, increasing pH and Na + , Ca +2 , and Mg +2 contents.
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