ResumoO teor de timol, princípio ativo usado como marcador nas tinturas das folhas de Lippia sidoides Cham. (Verbenaceae) preparadas com material coletado antes, durante e após a floração e designadas como T1, T2 e T3, foi determinado por CLAE, utilizando-se cromatógrafo Shimadzu CLASS-VP, coluna RP-18 (Supelco), com fase móvel isocrática acetonitrila:água (78:22) e fluxo 0,8 ml/min com detecção em 254 nm. As amostras foram injetadas num volume de 20 µl e analisadas em triplicata. Os teores de timol encontrados foram 1,97 ± 0,07 em T1; 2,00 ± 0,03 em T2 e 2,34 ± 0,06 mg/ml em T3. Os resultados mostram discretas diferenças nas concentrações de timol nas tinturas das folhas de alecrim-pimenta preparadas em diferentes momentos de seu desenvolvimento. Contudo, observou-se que o melhor momento para a coleta da planta parece ser após a sua floração (T3), que mostrou o maior teor de timol. AbstractLippia sidoides Cham. (Verbenaceae) is popularly known in Northeast Brazil as "alecrim-pimenta". The goal of the present work is to perform a quantitative analysis of timol, used as a marker in phytomedicine prepared from the leaves of L. sidoides, collected before, during and after the flower. At least three samples of tincture of L. sidoides were analyzed by HPLC. Among the samples analyzed, the tincture produced from the leaves after the flower showed slightly high concentration of timol (2,34 ± 0,06 mg/ml) when compared with before (1,97 ± 0,07 mg/ml) or during the flower (2,00 ± 0,03 mg/ml). The best period to collect leaves of L. sidoides seems to be after the flower.O taxon genérico Lippia (Verbenaceae) inclui aproximadamente 200 espécies de ervas, arbustos e de árvores de pequeno porte 1 . Lippia sidoides Cham. (syn. L. multicapitata Mart.) é uma planta arbustiva, aromática, que ocorre na região nordeste do Brasil com grande freqüência na área abrangida pelos municípios de Mossoró, RN e Tabuleiro do Norte (CE), onde é conhecida pelos rurícolas como alecrim-pimenta, alecrim e estrepa-cavalo. Suas folhas são utilizadas popularmente sob a forma de chá abafado ou tintura como anti-séptico local 2,3 . O óleo essencial obtido das folhas de Lippia sidoides tem como principal constituinte o timol, cujo teor tem variado entre 34,2 a 95,1% em várias determinações. Outros constituintes encontrados são o carvacrol, p-cimeno, α-terpineno e β-cariofileno 4,5,6 . O estudo químico de extratos de Lippia sidoides levou ao isolamento e caracterização de compostos fixos, incluindo dois dímeros naftoquinônicos (lapachenolisocatalponol e tectol), ésteres metílicos naturais dos ácidos graxos de C16 a C24, β-sitosterol, ácido vanílico, 2-metil-5-isopropilfenol e a 5-4-dihidroxi-6,7-dimetoxi-flavona 7,8,9 . 5,6,12,13 . Existem numerosos fatores que podem interferir quantitativa e qualitativamente na produção de óleo essencial de plantas aromáticas, tendo um papel decisivo na qualidade do produto final. O rendimento e a composição podem ser influenciados pelas condições climáticas, hora da coleta, idade da planta, cuidados na prepara...
The aim of the work was to study the spray-drying of ethanolic extract from Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A.C. Sm., Fabaceae, in order to obtain powders with better pharmacological and technological properties for herbal medicine. A 2³ fractional factorial statistical design was used to find adequate spray-drying operating conditions (inlet air temperature; feed flow rate and air flow rate) to produce A. cearensis powder with adequate concentration of active principles (amburoside and coumarin), low moisture content and high process yield. The HPLC analyses showed that the spray-drying powder of A. cearensis production did not cause alterations in the chromatographic profile when related to the fluid extract. The most significant factor that affected the amburoside concentration was air flow rate, while the concentration of coumarin, a thermolabile molecule, was influenced mainly by inlet air temperature. The moisture content of the spray-drying powder of A. cearensis varied from 3.72 to 5.85% (w/w), while the maximal process yield was 41.1% (w/w). The present study demonstrates for the first time the best operating conditions to produce A. cearensis extract powder that were adequate when related to the coumarin and amburoside concentrations and moisture content. However, additional studies are still needed to improve mainly it technological characteristics
Abstract:The aim of the work was to study the spray-drying of ethanolic extract from Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A.C. Sm., Fabaceae, in order to obtain powders with better pharmacological and technological properties for herbal medicine. A 2 3 fractional factorial statistical design was used to find adequate spray-drying operating conditions (inlet air temperature; feed flow rate and air flow rate) to produce A. cearensis powder with adequate concentration of active principles (amburoside and coumarin), low moisture content and high process yield. The HPLC analyses showed that the spray-drying powder of A. cearensis production did not cause alterations in the chromatographic profile when related to the fluid extract. The most significant factor that affected the amburoside concentration was air flow rate, while the concentration of coumarin, a thermolabile molecule, was influenced mainly by inlet air temperature. The moisture content of the spray-drying powder of A. cearensis varied from 3.72 to 5.85% (w/w), while the maximal process yield was 41.1% (w/w). The present study demonstrates for the first time the best operating conditions to produce A. cearensis extract powder that were adequate when related to the coumarin and amburoside concentrations and moisture content. However, additional studies are still needed to improve mainly it technological characteristics.
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