SummaryEight of II patients with refractory anæmia, who required regular blood transfusions to maintain their hæmoglobin level, gave a dramatic clinical and hæmatological response to oxymetholone. Analysis of bone marrow aspirates revealed an overall increase in erythropoietic tissue and mitotic indices following successful treatment with oxymetholone. A significant increase in the incidence of karyomeres was noted in the red‐cell precursors in some patients with hypoplastic anæmia. This was interpreted as reflecting abnormalities in mitosis similar to the effects seen after irradiation. Possible factors in the ætiology of aplastic anæmia are discussed.
Clinical evaluation and estimation of blood levels of vitamins A, E, C, B1, B2, B6 and of total carotenoids were carried out in 52 consecutive children admitted to the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children in Sydney during the winter epidemic of diarrhoea. The children included 37 Europeans and 15 Aboriginals, who were previously apparently healthy. Of these, 19 Europeans and ten Abororigines were studied also after recovery. The anthropometric, clinical, microbiological and biochemical data for each child is presented. Vitamin treatment, duration of symptoms, severity of diarrhoea, stool microbiology and the role of secondary malabsorption as a main cause of the depressed plasma vitamin levels found is discussed.
SYNOPSIS
The nutritional status of 35 socially deprived, apparently healthy children was investigated. The study included 6 preschool boys of widows or deserted wives, and 29 children from 3 orphanages, viz.: 8 school boys, 8 preschool girls (4 of whom were part‐Aboriginal) and 13 school girls. Individual data on weighed and analysed dietary intakes from a 7‐day survey, anthropometry, haematology, blood vitamin levels, clinical and social findings are presented and interrelationships are discussed.
No clinical evidence of overt deficiency diseases was found, but malnutrition was demonstrated in the groups studied. Only 2 children had satisfactory levels of all parameters measured.
These results cannot necessarily be extrapolated into conclusions as to the nutritional status of socially deprived Australian children as a group in the community because the sample was small. While the number of malnourished children to be found in the Australian population cannot be deduced from the data presented in this paper, it is hoped that it will stimulate interest in the investigation of nutrition in large numbers of Australian children.
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