Objective: The objective of the present study was to develop, optimize, and evaluate Ibandronate-sodium loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Ib-CS NPs) to treat osteoporosis. Methods: NPs were prepared by the Ionic gelation method and optimized for various parameters such as the effect of concentration of chitosan, sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP), and pH effect on particle size polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized using particle size analyzer (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results: Formulated NPs were obtained in the average nano size in the range below 200 nm in TEM, SEM, and DLS studies. The particle size and encapsulation efficiency of the optimized formulation were 176.1 nm and 63.28%, respectively. The release profile of NPs was depended on the dissolution medium and followed the First-order release kinetics. Conclusion: Bisphosphonates are the most commonly prescribed drugs for treating osteoporosis in the US and many other countries, including India. Ibandronate is a widely used anti-osteoporosis drug, exhibits a strong inhibitory effect on bone resorption performed by osteoclast cells. Our results indicated that Ibandronate sodium-loaded chitosan nanoparticles provide an effective medication for the treatment of osteoporosis.
In present works we synthesized Donepezil loaded PLGA nanoparticles (NPs). The approach of our research group was to prove the improvement of drug transport through the Blood Brain Barrier when donepezil was loaded with PLGA. It promoted the uptake of drug into brain endothelium compared with the free drug and play a significant role in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The NPs were synthesized by modified Nano precipitation method. These synthesized polymeric nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, Polydispersity index (PDI) and Zeta potential. The average size and PDI of drug loaded polymeric nanoparticle for preferred formulation were found to be 40.8 nm and 0.188 respectively. The Entrapment Efficiency was 74% and Process yield was 78%. The electron microscopic images of polymeric nanoparticles suggested that the particles were spherical in shape. The pharmacokinetics showed that the release behavior of NPs were very much similar to sustained release and follow Hixson Crowell model.
Osteoporosis means "Porous bone" is a disease characterized by progressive bone thinning. The deterioration of bone tissue can lead to bone fragility and fracture, especially of the hip, spine, shoulder and wrist. Osteoporosis is characterized by decreasing bone mineral density (BMD). Bisphosphonates are the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis in the US and many other countries including India. Alendronate (Aln) is a widely used anti-osteoporosis drug, exhibits strong inhibitory effect on bone resorption performed by osteoclast cells. Alendronate-sodium is a BCS class III bisphosphonate, used in the treatment of osteoporosis, acts as a potent, specific inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Alendronate was the first bisphosphonate to be approved for osteoporosis in the US in 1995.The objective of the present study is to develop, optimize, and evaluate Alendronate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) for the treatment of osteoporosis. NPs were prepared by the Ionic gelation method and optimized for various parameters. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized using particle size analyser (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Formulated NPs were obtained in the average size ranging from 60 nm to 220 nm in TEM, SEM and DLS studies. The release profile was depended on the dissolution medium. The proposed nanoparticles offer an interesting alternative for alendronate delivery via the oral route. Our results indicated that alendronate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles provide an effective medication for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis means "Porous bone” is a disease characterized by progressive bone thinning. The deterioration of bone tissue can lead to bone fragility and fracture, especially of the hip, spine, shoulder and wrist. Osteoporosis is caused generally due the decreasing bone mineral density (BMD). Osteoporosis affects 30-40% women after menopause all around the world. Bisphosphonates are the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis in the US and many other countries including India. Alendronate- sodium (AS) is a widely used anti-osteoporosis drug, exhibits strong inhibitory effect on bone resorption performed by osteoclast cells and acts as a potent, specific inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. AS was the first FDA approved bisphosphonate for treatment of osteoporosis in the US in 1995. The objective of the present study was to develop, optimize, and evaluate Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) of Alendronate-sodium drug which improve the solubility, dissolution rate and enhance the bioavailability of the drug. AS loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles have been developed using Glyceral Monosterate (GMS) as lipid and poloxamer 407 as the emulsifier by Emulsion -Solvent evaporation method. Different process variables i.e. concentration of surfactant, homogenization speed and time have been optimized. Formulated SLNs with GMS showed low particle size and high entrapement efficiency. The SLNs were characterized using Zeta sizer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In-vitro drug release study was performed by dialysis bag diffusion method and different mathematical models were applied for the release study.
Plasmodium falciparum is one of the most common resistant Plasmodium species responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality in malaria patients. Clinical guidelines for the management of Plasmodium falciparum include the use of a dose of primaquine phosphate resulting intolerable side effects. Therefore, the aim of this work was to formulate primaquine phosphate-loaded PLGA nanoparticles by using a nanoprecipitation method in order to increase its bioavailability to minimize drug intake. This leads to reduced toxicity and better therapeutic efficacy of the drug. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by using dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). TEM analysis revealed the presence of smooth spherical-shaped nanoparticles. The drug DLS analysis confirmed the presence of negatively charged nanoparticles with particle size in the range of 100-400 nm. The drug release study was performed to analyses different kinetic models like zero-order model, first-order model, Higuchi model, Hixson-Crowell model, and Korsmeyer-Peppas model.
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