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Introduction Brackets can be recycled by sending them to a commercial recycling company but it is time consuming and the bracket cannot be bonded in the same appointment. Hence in-house methods for recycling of brackets would be beneficial to both the orthodontist and the patient. Aim In our study, we compared the shear bond strength of brackets after being recycled with erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (ER:YAG) laser, sandblasting and the thermal method. Materials and Methods The study was carried out on 126 extracted premolars. The bonding procedure was performed with mandibular premolar metal and premolar ceramic brackets. Eighty-four teeth were subdivided into three groups for each method of recycling. These groups were further subdivided into two groups of 14 teeth each for the types of brackets used. Prior to the initial bonding the bracket was also viewed under an environmental scanning electron microscope to examine the meshwork of the brackets and once again after the respective recycling methods had been performed. Results We found that for stainless steel brackets, the sandblasting method was superior to the ER:YAG laser, as the recycled brackets showed a higher shear bond strength. For ceramic brackets the ER:YAG laser recycled group had the highest recycled shear bond strength therefore was the best method of recycling ceramic brackets.

Background Bimaxillary dental protrusion is common in many ethnic groups and is generally treated by the extraction of all first premolars. However, temporary anchorage devices (TADs) are currently gaining popularity and most studies have focused on anchorage loss, treatment duration, mini-implant success and failure rates, pain, discomfort and root resorption. Few studies have focused on the clinical effectiveness of implants for the intrusion and retraction of anterior teeth. Objectives To assess the clinical use of orthodontic mini-implants for the intrusion and retraction of anterior teeth. Methods A systematic review of articles selected from PUBMED and Google Scholar was carried out to determine the clinical use of orthodontic mini-implants for anterior tooth intrusion and retraction. Additional studies were hand searched to identify and include clinical trials, prospective and retrospective studies, while excluding finite element method (FEM) studies and case reports. A total of 598 articles were identified, of which 37 papers met the inclusion criteria and, following the elimination of duplicates, 20 articles were selected. Results Orthodontic mini-implants are more efficient for intrusion and retraction when compared to conventional intraoral and extra-oral anchorage devices. A greater amount of intrusion and retraction is achieved when mini-implants are placed between the first and second premolars without using any specific intrusive mechanics. Conclusion The present review highlights the clinical effectiveness of orthodontic mini-implants for anterior tooth intrusion and retraction and the results suggest that orthodontic mini-implants are more effective than other conventional methods of anchorage reinforcement.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on mandibular rotation. Materials and Method: A systematic review of articles selected from 4 electronic databases—PUBMED, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinical Trials Registry, and Google Scholar—was carried out. Additional studies were hand-searched and retrieved from the reference lists of relevant articles. Studies published till August, 2019, were included in this study. Results: A total of 28 articles were identified through electronic database searching. 16 articles were obtained after elimination of duplicates which were then screened. Full-text articles were assessed according to the eligibility criteria. 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 14 clinical trials (CTs) were identified for inclusion in the review. These studies effectively highlighted the effect of RME on mandibular rotation, primarily in the clockwise direction. Conclusion: There is a moderate sum of evidence to illustrate the effect of RME on mandibular rotation. It can be concluded that RME brings about clockwise rotation of the mandible, ie in downward and backward directions, thereby increasing the lower anterior facial height. This effect could be attributed to the vertical maxillary movement and the extrusion of the maxillary molars.

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Purpose: In adults, correction of such a jaw base relation is done by bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and mandibular advancement which often causes change in the cervicomental angle that might not be within the acceptable and aesthetic range. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the changes observed in cervicomental angle after mandibular advancement surgery. Data Sources: Based on the available data, we conducted an electronic database PubMed search, based on the search of published data from 1994 to 2017, six strategies were designed using two keywords, and four articles were shortlisted for systematic review. Study Eligibility Criteria: Studies that provide information on cervicomental angle changes after mandibular advancement surgery, published from 1994 to 2017. Results: The search yielded 168 articles, of which four were included based on the selection criteria. These articles described that the cervicomental angle observed after mandibular advancement surgery falls between 95° and 125°. Conclusion: Cervicomental angle decreases as the mandible is advanced to correct the jaw base Class II relation to Class I. Acceptable range is found to be between 95° and 125°. Implications: An esthetic look is the desire of every patient that reports to the clinics for an orthodontic correction. Surgical correction is an integral part of the treatment. While advancing the mandible, change is observed in the cervicomental angle. Knowing the acceptable range of this angle will help the orthodontist and the oral surgeon to plan the advancement accordingly.

Introduction:The Churro Jumper is an efficient, inexpensive and uncomplicated fixed flexible functional appliance. Aim:To evaluate the efficacy of the Churro Jumper appliance in treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion with retrognathic mandible. Materials and methods:Six patients were chosen with skeletal Class II malocclusion randomly with mean age of 11 years to 9 months. Average study period was 4 months. Cephalometric analysis and model analysis were used to measure skeletal and dental changes.Result: Churro Jumper contributes in correction of Class II molar relationship by dentoalveolar effects on both jaws. There was uprighting of maxillary incisors and proclination of mandibular incisors. Conclusion:Churro Jumper is clinically effective as well as efficient appliance in skeletal Class II malocclusion.