Detailed paleobiological and taphonomic analyses were carried out on the bone accumulations discovered during the 2014 excavations at the Krasnoyarskaya Kurya site, southeastern part of western Siberia (Russia). The fossiliferous site contains three bone-bearing horizons. Mammal remains are rare in the upper level and they were not found during the 2014 excavation. The middle and lower levels yielded exclusively remains of the woolly mammoth, Mammuthus primigenius. The middle level (stratigraphic layer 5) is a result of an in situ accumulation in alluvial sediments. At least three individuals are identified: a juvenile (< 6–10 years old in AEY) of 1.8 m shoulder height and weighing 1 ton; a young adult (ca. 24 years old in AEY) and an old mammoth (> 43 years old in AEY) of 2.9 m of shoulder height and 3.8 t. Their remains were buried in conditions similar to those of a floodplain scroll/natural levee or an islet. Bones stayed on the subsurface for a long time, allowing thus carnivores to reach them easily. The lower level (stratigraphic layer 6) is composed of at least four animals: two juveniles (< 6–10 years old in AEY) and two adults (> 11–13 years old in AEY). The material only enables to determine that one juvenile is 1.5 m at shoulder height and weighs ca. 610 kg, while a young adult should have a body mass of ca. 1,600 kg. No human artefacts or any cut-marks on bones were found in either of these two levels during the 2014 excavation. However, the excavations carried out during the years 2007 to 2010 had allowed the discovery of Palaeolithic artefacts in the lower level, which was formed in alluvial-lacustrine conditions. This indicates that humans had visited this a priori in situ mammoth assemblage. It is likely that at the beginning of spring, the oxbow lake had trapped woolly mammoths. Humans and carnivores had then sorted out and taken away any useful remains. Radiocarbon dating indicates that the mammoth died at the early phase of the Last Glacial Maximum, at about 14C – 20 000 BP (~ 24 000 years cal BP). Isotopic analyses of the collagen from the mammoth remains argue that the animal was living at the time in a steppe landscape, which was dominated by grass-like vegetation.
Hoy en día el conejo europeo (Oryctolagus cuniculus) es considerado invasivo en varios países. Sin embargo, los motivos del inicio de la explotación de este lagomorfo en el Paleolítico Superior en la península ibérica son objeto de un intenso debate sin que todavía exista un consenso general sobre las causas que explican su introducción en la dieta de los cazadores-recolectores ibéricos. En este artículo, primero presentamos cómo su caza comenzó antes del Último Máximo Glacial (UMG), aumentando durante este periodo. Luego evaluamos las principales hipótesis del Modelo de Amplitud de Dieta (Diet Breadth Model), desarrollado a partir de la Teoría del Forrajeo Óptimo (Optimal Foraging Theory). Este modelo (a veces implícito) es el origen de algunas de estas hipótesis, pero hasta ahora nunca se había aplicado de forma concreta al UMG en la península ibérica. En consecuencia, nosotros lo hemos hecho y los resultados obtenidos no parecen apoyar las hipótesis que defienden una intensificación de la explotación del medio ambiente. Sugerimos que el aprovechamiento de este taxon en torno al UMG en Iberia podría explicarse más bien por el uso de redes entre varias personas. [fr] Bien qu’aujourd’hui le lapin de garenne (Oryctolagus cuniculus) soit considéré comme une espèce invasive dans plusieurs pays, il fait l’objet d’un débat intense quant aux raisons du début de son exploitation durant le Paléolithique supérieur dans la péninsule ibérique. Cependant, aucun consensus général n’existe afin d’expliquer les causes de son introduction dans la diète des chasseurs-cueilleurs ibériens. Ici, nous présentons d’abord que sa chasse a débuté avant le Dernier Maximum Glaciaire (DMG) et qu’elle s’est accrue durant cette période. Ensuite, nous évaluons les principales hypothèses soutenues à partir du Modèle Classique du Régime Alimentaire (MCRA; Diet Breadth Model) issu de la Théorie de l’Approvisionnement Optimal (TAO; Optimal Foraging Theory). Bien que ce modèle soit à l’origine (parfois implicitement) de plusieurs de ces hypothèses, il n’a jamais été appliqué concrètement au DMG dans la péninsule. Nous avons alors appliqué ce modèle et les résultats obtenus ne semblent pas appuyer les hypothèses soutenant une intensification de l’exploitation de l’environnement. Plutôt, nous suggérons que l’utilisation de filets par plusieurs personnes pourrait expliquer l’exploitation de ce taxon autour du DMG en Ibérie.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.