The study attempted to analyze the patterns of the changing functional structure of major urban centers of Ethiopia over the period of 2009 to 2012. An economic base, export employment multiplier and shift share analysis were used to identify the basic sectors, the export employment and expanding and declining industries in fifteen major urban centers. The location quotient results showed that there have been changes in economic bases, for twelve out of fifteen urban centers. The major sources of export employment were construction, distributive and social services for most of the towns considered. Export employment analysis has indicated that some towns of leading regions have relatively higher percentage of export employment compared to others. In general, the major drivers of the urban employment growth in many urban centers over the study period were found to be distributive, social and extractive sectors. However, the role of the transformative economic sectors, particularly the manufacturing sector is not as such encouraging for many towns. Against this back drop, the analysis surfaced local economic development issue such as how the towns included in this study could capitalize more on the transformative economic sectors through various incentive mechanisms.
The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.
This study attempted to arrive at the ways of indigenous practices for promoting sustainable land development in selected kebeles of Gimbi Woreda,West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State. The study area is typical for the high potential coffee production, mixed farming, and cereal crops in the Southwestern Ethiopian highlands. Land is a precious natural resource which demands efficient management in order to use it in a sustainable manner. A cross sectional research design was employed with descriptive survey method. About 319 household heads were selected using simple random sampling technique from three kebeles (kebele: Lowest Administrative Division) which were chosen purposively. In addition, thirteen key informants and nine household heads for FGD were selected by purposive sampling technique. Data collection tools included questionnaire, focus group discussions, key informant interview and field observation. The factors that affect sustainable land management include land holding size, fragmentation, land ownership security, size of livestock, and availability of labor and farm tools, and education of farmers. Finally, based on the findings of the study, it has been recommended that farmers need to get basic education and family planning services. They have to be organized in team and get access to credit and saving services. The local knowledge of farmers has to be encouraged and supported through continuous training. A few selected breeds of livestock should be encouraged in order to reduce overgrazing.
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