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The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive performance, and the adaptability and stability parameters of modern soybean (Glycine max) cultivars in multi-environment trials, as well as to identify the ideal genotypes for eight growing environments in Brazil. A randomized complete block experimental design was carried out, with three replicates, for the evaluation of 46 soybean cultivars in eight environments, in the microregions of adaptation 102, 201, and 202, in the 2014/2015 crop season. A complex genotype x environment interaction occurred, with changes in the ranking of genotypes among locations. The NA 5909 RG, M6410IPRO, NS 5959 IPRO, NS6823RR, M5917IPRO, NS 6767 RR, and 6563RSF IPRO cultivars showed the highest mean yields. The NA 5909 RG, NS6823RR, M6410IPRO, and NS 5959 IPRO cultivars showed high adaptability and stability and high grain yield, in the evaluated environments, and were ranked next to the ideal genotype for the analyzed environments. There are modern soybean cultivars, which are adapted, stable, and highly productive, for cultivation in the microregions 102, 201, and 202 for soybean crop adaptation in Brazil.

-The objective of this work was to evaluate the association between estimates of adaptability, stability, and productivity in soybean (Glycine max), and to estimate the repeatability coefficient of these associations between years. A total of 22 genotypes were evaluated in 27 environments in the 2012/2013 crop season and in 19 environments in 2013/2014. In the next crop seasons, 28 genotypes were evaluated in 26 environments, in 2014/2015, and in 25 environments in 2015/2016, totalizing 97 trials. Fourteen methods were evaluated; Spearman correlation coefficients were obtained for the parameters of stability, adaptability, and productivity; and the repeatability coefficients, as well as the minimum number of required environments for a coefficient of determination of 80 and 90%, were

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar cultivares brasileiras de trigo, desenvolvidas em diferentes décadas, quanto à eficiência de uso de N, sob diferentes disponibilidades do nutriente. Dez cultivares de trigo, lançadas entre 1940 e 2009, foram submetidas a quatro doses de adubação nitrogenada (0, 60, 120 e 180 kg ha -1 de N), em ambiente controlado, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. A produtividade de grãos aumentou em 0,54, 0,74, 0,74 e 0,82% ao ano, nas doses de 0, 60, 120 e 180 kg ha -1 de N, respectivamente. As eficiências de absorção e de utilização de N estiveram positivamente associadas à eficiência de uso do nitrogênio, com estreitamento na relação em condições de alta disponibilidade de N. As cultivares modernas são mais eficientes no uso do N e toleram doses mais baixas do nutriente, em comparação às cultivares pioneiras. Para o desenvolvimento de cultivares mais eficientes no uso de N, os programas de melhoramento genético de trigo devem priorizar a seleção de genótipos com maiores eficiências de absorção, remobilização e utilização de N.Termos para indexação: Triticum aestivum, eficiência de absorção, eficiência de utilização, melhoramento genético, remobilização de nitrogênio, seleção genética. Nitrogen use efficiency of pioneer and modern wheat cultivarsAbstract -The objective of this work was to characterize Brazilian wheat cultivars, developed in different decades, as to their nitrogen use efficiency, under different availabilities of the nutrient. Ten wheat cultivars, released between 1940 and 2009, were subjected to four nitrogen fertilization rates (0, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha -1 N), under a controlled environment, in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Grain yield increased in 0.54, 0.74, 0.74, and 0.82% per year at the rates of 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha -1 N, respectively. Nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiencies were positively associated with N use efficiency, with strengthening relation under high N availability conditions. Modern cultivars are more efficient in N use and tolerate lower rates of the nutrient in comparison to pioneer cultivars. For the development of more efficient cultivars in N use, wheat-breeding programs should prioritize the selection of genotypes with higher N uptake, remobilization, and utilization efficiencies.