Tests for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which can provide results rapidly to guide therapeutic decision-making, offer patient care advantages over laboratory-based tests that require several days to provide results. We compared results from the Cepheid GeneXpert CT/NG (Xpert) assay to results from two currently approved nucleic acid amplification assays in 1,722 female and 1,387 male volunteers. Results for chlamydia in females demonstrated sensitivities for endocervical, vaginal, and urine samples of 97.4%, 98.7%, and 97.6%, respectively, and for urine samples from males, a sensitivity of 97.5%, with all specificity estimates being >99.4%. Results for gonorrhea in females demonstrated sensitivities for endocervical, vaginal, and urine samples of 100.0%, 100.0%, and 95.6%, respectively, and for urine samples from males, a sensitivity of 98.0%, with all estimates of specificity being >99.8%. These results indicate that this short-turnaround-time test can be used to accurately test patients and to possibly do so at the site of care, thus potentially improving chlamydia and gonorrhea control efforts. Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the agents of the two most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), accounting for Ͼ1.6 million reported infections in the United States in 2010 (1). The CDC estimates that STIs cost the health care system $1.5 billion annually. Since these infections, especially chlamydia, are most often asymptomatic, the CDC recommends yearly screening for chlamydia in all sexually active women aged 16 to 25 years. Further, since coinfections are common, most diagnostic test platforms assay for both organisms. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are now recommended by the CDC (2) as the tests of choice; however, current NAATs are classified as being of high or moderate complexity and might take 1 to 2 days for results to become available. New assays and new platforms that provide results at the time of patient visits are urgently needed, since many patients do not return for their results when laboratory-based tests that require several days for their results are performed (3, 4).The Cepheid GeneXpert CT/NG (Xpert) assay is a rapid (Ͻ2 h to results) NAAT assay that can be performed in on-site laboratories. The assay detects the DNA of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae from endocervical, vaginal, and urine specimens of females, as well as from urine specimens of males, from both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. The Xpert test is performed using a modular cartridge-based platform for testing each specimen by nucleic acid amplification, and it can process from 1 to 96 specimens in Ͻ2 h with easy-to-use cartridges that minimize processing steps and contamination. This study compares the clinical performance (as measured by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value [PPV] and negative predictive value [NPV]) of the Xpert assay to the patient infection status (PIS)...
We have demonstrated both the construct and content validity of the LIDD model for both laparoscopic IH and CDH repair. It was able to successfully differentiate between the expert, trainees and inexperienced laparoscopic surgeons.
The mortality in a series of 25 infants with myelomeningocele closed within the first 24 hours of birth was 12% over the first three months.Neurological assessment of the survivors with particular attention to leg movements has indicated that spinal reflex phenomena are common, and that, though there may be apparent improvement in some cases within the first few weeks after operation, the later results show that there is no significant increase in useful leg function compared with the preoperative levels.Early closure would appear to have prevented the death of these infants, and to have preserved the useful leg movements with which they were born, but not to have led to any significant recovery.
No abstract
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.