Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan isolasi bakteri endofit dari kulit batang srikaya, menganalisis aktifitas antibakteri dari bakteri endofit pada bakteri pathogen S. aureus, B. cereus dan E. coli, melakukan karakterisasi bakteri endofit yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri pathogen dan identifikasi bakteri endofit yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri pathogen. Isolasi bakteri endofit menggunakan media TSA dan NA, bioassay pada bakteri pathogen dengan konsentrasi 10 6 sel/ml dengan mengunakan sumuran Ø 6 mm dan memasukkan supernatant sebesar 100 µl. Supernatant didapatkan dengan menumbuhkan bakteri endofit dalam media NB yang dikocok dengan shaker 150 siklus/menit selama 48 jam pada suhu 32ᵒ C kemudian kultur di sentrifuse pada 5000 g selama 30
Medicinal plants have been used for treating many kinds of illness due to their safety, cheap and easy to be accessed by all level of society. This study was aimed to determine the effect of the dosage forms (fresh, boiled and ethanol extracted) and the duration (24 and 42 days) of medicinal plant Centella asiatica to the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the histopathology of diabetic rat brain. The results showed that administration of various dosage forms of C. asiatica were able to increase the number of pyramid cells and neuroglia in the cerebrum significantly (P <0.01) but had no significant effect (P>0.01) at the administration length and the interaction between both treatments. This finding resulted in the new traditional herbal medicine that can be used for treating degenerative disorders on nervous system.
Various factors in tuberculosis (tB) management can cause inadequate treatment or failures in therapy. Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is one of the adverse effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD), which can reduce the effectiveness of treatment. Pneumothorax, empyema, and pyopneumothorax are complications of pulmonary tuberculosis, whilst infrequent but leading to significant morbidity and mortality. A 24-year-old woman came with the main complaint of shortness of breath. she was referred with pulmonary TB, right-side pneumothorax, and drug-induced liver injury (DILI) related to ATD. After DILI resolved, standard 6-month treatment (2HRZE/4HR) was continued, but the patient experienced nausea, vomiting, icteric sclera, and an elevation of transaminases. The combination of ATD was discontinued, just ethambutol and streptomycin were given until the transaminases improved. Afterward, the patient was given isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R), and ethambutol (E). The following week an elevation of transaminases was seen, all ATD was discontinued and the patient was given hepatoprotective therapy. After DILI resolved, a regimen of isoniazid (H), pyrazinamide (Z), ethambutol (E) were given. Later in the follow-up chest X-ray, there was worsening homogeneous opacity in the right hemithorax. Pus was observed on thoracentesis and chest tube was inserted for drainage. We presented a case of a pulmonary TB patient with hydropneumothorax having episodes of drug-induced liver injury. The hepatotoxicity related to ATD leads to repetitive discontinuation and change of regiment, resulting in inadequate therapy in the intensive phase of tuberculosis therapy which resulted in pyopneumothorax.
Mechanical dryer usually using heat from combustion and air is blown through heater to the product dried. This study was conducted used a vertical dryer. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of air temperature to drying rate and drying efficiency. The variation of the temperature used were 50°C, 55°C, and 60°C with a tolerance of ± 1 °C with a constant mass of 20kg. The result of this study showed that the higher the dryer air temperature used, the faster the drying rate and drying time. It was found that the fastest drying rate for 60°C was 0.00033804 kg/s with drying time 70 minutes. While for temperature of 50°C found the longest drying rate of to reach a moisture content of 13.8% of 0.00022571 kg/s with constant air velocity of 5 m/s. The highest dried efficiency occurs at a temperature 60°C.
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