Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to nutritionally evaluate the potency of complementary food produced by mixing different sources of vegetable and animal protein together. Design/methodology/approach -Maize (carbohydrate), peanut (groundnut) and crayfish (Euastacus spp) were the sole energy and protein sources, respectively. Diet 1 (Basal); diet 2 (groundnut-fermented-maize (ogi) 1:9); diet 3 (crayfish-ground-nut-ogi, 1:1:9); diet 4 (crayfish-ogi, 1:9); diet 5 control (Nutrend). The formulated complementary diets were fed to 30 albino rats. A commercial product (Nutrend) manufactured by nestle plc was obtained at a local supermarket, Ile-Ife, Nigeria and was used as standard diet. Findings -The result showed the growth rate (non-protein diet) decreased from 37.962-36.910; and the growth rate (protein diet) increased from 37. 270-54.544, 37.770-82.662, 37.900-78.570, and 37.636-80.521 for diets 1 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Protein efficiency ratio (PER), for diets 1 2, 3, 4 and 5 were nil, 1.45, 3.30, 3.15, and 2.94, respectively. Net protein ratio (NPR), for diets 1 2, 3, 4 and 5 were nil, 0.85, 2.78, 2.59, and 2.45, respectively. The average nitrogen retained in various organs of experimental animals, such as liver, kidney and muscle of the diets 1 2, 3 4 and 5 were 35.52, 33.55, 33.58: 48.32, 48.40 48.68: 55.70, 53.20, 56.08: 52.30, 50.48, 54.65: and 56.76, 44.63, 56.80, respectively. The formulations compared to control were found superior in terms of growth rate, PER, NPR and ensure optimum nitrogen content in the liver, kidney and tissues. Originality/value -The paper's findings show that the complementary food formulations which are not expensive, locally available, and affordable, could be produced from plant and animal sources and may be suitable to eradicate protein energy malnutrition (PEM).
Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the physico-chemical properties and amino acid profile of three maize hybrid cultivars grown in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Two normal maize endosperm varieties, yellow SUWAN-ISR (YNM) and white ART/98/SW05-OB-WC (WNM), and one yellow QPM variety, TZE-POP-DT-STR-QPM (YQPM), were selected for the study. Physico-chemical properties, physical tests, proximate composition analysis, functional properties and characteristics and amino acid profile tests were carried out on the grains using standard methods. Findings Protein was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in YQPM (10.49 per cent) than in normal endosperm, YNM (8.83 per cent) and WNM (8.50 per cent). Amino acid profile of the grains revealed that total amino acid of YQPM (94.67 g/100 g of protein) and essential amino acid of YQPM (39.070) were the highest among the three, with highest significantly different value of tryptophan (0.388 g/100 g of protein) at p < 0.05. The cooking quality of YQPM was found to be better than the other two, with highest hydration capacity and increase in volume after cooking (90.8 ± 0.01 g/1000 grains and 147.53 ± 0.02 per cent). Originality/value YQPM will be highly beneficial in the tropics, where maize is grown as the major staple food to reduce hunger and malnutrition because of its amino acid balance and its better cooking quality.
Seafoods dietary were excellent source of minerals such as calcium, iron. Zinc, potassium iodine, phosphorus, selenium, omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids wish are vital to Elderly and Pregnant women. Seafood prominently includes fish and shellfish, various species of mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms. The purpose of present study was to nutritional established and compared seafood such as fish and crayfish supplement dietary. The investigated recipe consisted of dietary formula 10%Fish+Nitrogen free diet(FINF), 10%Crayfish+Nitrogen free diet (CFNF), 5%Fish5%Crayfish+Nitrogen free diet(FCNF), Control diet(ANFE) Nitrogen free diet (NFD). The following parameters such as chemical composition, Nitrogen retention, Animal Bioassay and internal organs, were taking into consideration. The result revealed that there were growth responses in dietary were progressive in growth for FINF (46.55g-77.93g), CFNF (47-81.86g), FCNF (46.68-87.67g), ANFE (46.60-87.62g) respectively but NFE (59.08-47.46g) dietary is decline in growth. Similar trend were followed by nitrogen retention, biological values, chemical composition, Nitrogen retention, Bioassay, internal organ. In conclusion Sea foods dietary promoted the rate of growth responses; biological values were comparable to that of white egg. Also, Seafoods experimented diets proved to be an excellent source of minerals which include calcium, iron, zinc, potassium iodine, phosphorus, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids wish are vital to Elderly, Pregnant women, feuto brain development and survival to their body growth. Seafood have better performance with elated attributes, could be used to combat depression, protein-energy malnutrition such as kwashiorkor and marasmus.
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