Comparative analysis of physico-chemical properties and amino acids profile of three tropical maize hybrid cultivars in Nigeria

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the physico-chemical properties and amino acid profile of three maize hybrid cultivars grown in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Two normal maize endosperm varieties, yellow SUWAN-ISR (YNM) and white ART/98/SW05-OB-WC (WNM), and one yellow QPM variety, TZE-POP-DT-STR-QPM (YQPM), were selected for the study. Physico-chemical properties, physical tests, proximate composition analysis, functional properties and characteristics and amino acid profile tests were carried out on the grains using standard methods. Findings Protein was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in YQPM (10.49 per cent) than in normal endosperm, YNM (8.83 per cent) and WNM (8.50 per cent). Amino acid profile of the grains revealed that total amino acid of YQPM (94.67 g/100 g of protein) and essential amino acid of YQPM (39.070) were the highest among the three, with highest significantly different value of tryptophan (0.388 g/100 g of protein) at p < 0.05. The cooking quality of YQPM was found to be better than the other two, with highest hydration capacity and increase in volume after cooking (90.8 ± 0.01 g/1000 grains and 147.53 ± 0.02 per cent). Originality/value YQPM will be highly beneficial in the tropics, where maize is grown as the major staple food to reduce hunger and malnutrition because of its amino acid balance and its better cooking quality.

Nutritional evaluation and comparison study of seafoods such as fish and crayfish supplement dietary

“…This is because NFE is developed from maize (cereal) origin and reported deficient in two essential amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan hence could not support growth. [16][17][18][19] Table1 revealed the Chemical composition of Seafood such as Fish and Crayfish dietary of the experimental animals Protein, Fat, Moisture, Ash, Fiber, CHO, Energy Kcal% had the values 10.68-12.48%,2.43-5.45%,3.40-5.30%,2.32-2.45,0%.76-0.88,75%.19-89.49and 279-393 Kcal% respectively. Protein content in the diet is enough to break down to amino acid, hence could provide enough and adequate nutrient to support growth while fat content is low and utilized by body.…”

“…Carbohydrate and Energy are higher enough to supply enough calories that will meet daily recommended for that is needed for the daily activities. 3,[7][8][9][10][11]19,20…”

“…This is because NFE is developed from maize (cereal) origin and reported deficient in two essential amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan hence could not support growth. [7][8][9][10]19,20 Table 3 reflected the Nitrogen retention in various tissues of the internal organ of Seafood such as Fish and Crayfish supplement dietary under the experimental animals for 28days. Kidney mg/g, liver mg/g, muscle mg/g, feacal mg/g and Urine mg/g and their values were 20.20-70.04mg/g, 20.05-70.61mg/g, 10.30-70.78mg/g, 0.62-1.20mg/g and 0.14-0.28mg/g.…”

“…This is because NFE is developed from maize (cereal) origin and reported deficient in two essential amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan hence could not support growth. [7][8][9][10]19,20 [7][8][9][10]19,20 The biological values of BV %, NPU%, PER, FER, NPR were closer 85-88/100 and similar to that of egg whites protein with a biological value of 88/100. This may to due to fact that both seafood supplement dietary are from Animal protein sources but NFE diet lack biological value.…”

“…This is because NFE is developed from maize (cereal) origin and reported deficient in two essential amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan hence could not support growth. [7][8][9][10]19,20 Table1 Chemical composition of seafood such as Fish and Crayfish dietary of the experimental animals…”