Education theories stress not only societal context of education, but also educational philosophy, anthropology and psychology of learning. A formal curriculum theory, viz. Taba-Tyler rationale, has been proposed to incorporate philosophical, sociological, anthropological and psychological contexts of engineering education in the curriculum. The newly developed undergraduate curriculum at the Indian Institute of Technology Ropar is based on such education theories and has been presented as a case study. It has been demonstrated that the resulting curriculum can lead to unique courses that collectively bring out unique features such as core competency, strong connection to society, hands-on learning, creativity and innovation.
Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis (1893-1972) was one of the scientists of Colonial India who transited from Physics to Statistics to Economic Planning in Independent India. In this article, his B N Seal connection is traced to show his transition to Statistics; as also his Tagore connection, his worldview and networking to build world class institute, the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI). The early days of the ISI from the Physics Laboratory of the Presidency College to Baranagore, its present address is briefly chronicled. The contribution of his national compatriots like R C Bose, C R Rao and his international networking with R A Fisher, Shewhart and other stalwarts and his election as Fellow of Royal Society is described. Finally, an effort has been made to show his Nehru connection and transition to economic planning, particularly 2 nd Five Year Plan of India and how it added to growth of ISI.
The present work demonstrates the leak flow behavior of subcooled water at high pressure and high temperature through a narrow slit analogous to a pipe crack. The modeling and simulations are based on the loss of coolant accident in the primary loop piping of pressurized water-cooled reactors where a subcooled liquid is subjected to a rapid depressurization. Prediction of critical leak flow pattern is crucial in the design methodology of costly high energy pipelines in the perspective of leak before break consideration. Computational techniques have been used to replace costly experiments required for simulating leak flow conditions. For a variety of entry and exit conditions, the interphase mass transfer was studied with a change of boundary conditions. Presence of thermodynamic nonequilibrium has been detected on several occasions due to high transit velocities. A comparison with experimental findings indicates the validity of the flashing model for safety analysis of similar high energy thermal systems.
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