Cadmium (Cd) is one of the environmental pollutants affecting various tissues and organs including testis. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-apoptotic effects of curcumin (Cur) on Cd-induced apoptosis in rat testes. The rats were randomly allotted into one of three experimental groups: control, Cd treated and Cd treated with Cur; each group contained 10 animals. The control group received 2 ml/day of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). To induce toxicity, Cd (1 mg/kg body weight) was dissolved in normal saline and subcutaneously injected into rats for 4 weeks. The rats in Cur-treated group was given a daily dose of 100 mg/kg of Cur for 4 weeks. To date, no examinations of the anti-apoptotic properties of Cur on Cd-induced apoptosis in rat testes have been reported. The mean seminiferous tubule diameter, mean testicular biopsy score values and serum testosterone levels were significantly decreased in Cd-treated groups were compared to the control group. Furthermore, the Cur-treated animals showed an improved histological appearance and serum testosterone levels in Cd-treated group. Our data indicate a significant reduction in the activity of in situ identification of apoptosis using terminal dUTP nick end-labeling in testis tissues of the Cd-treated group with Cur therapy. The present study showed that Cur treatment protected testes against toxic effects of Cd. We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of Cur may indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment on the spermatogenesis after testicular injury caused by Cd-treated rats.

The integrity of healthy skin plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological homeostasis of the human body. Chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus or peripheral vascular diseases can lead to impaired wound healing. Skin wound healing purposes focusing on the main phases of wound healing, i.e., inflammation, proliferation, epithelialization, angiogenesis, remodeling, and scarring. This is a complex process, which is dependent on many cell types and mediators interacting in a highly sophisticated temporal sequence. Although some interactions during the healing process are crucial, redundancy is high and other cells or mediators can adopt functions or signaling without major complications. Mesenchymal stem cells have an alternative role due to special properties such as the capacity for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation, immunomodulatory effect, alleviation of inflammatory response, induction of angiogenesis, regulation of extracellular matrix remodeling, excellent migration and secretion of growth factors and cytokines in wound healing. We summarized current research on the mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells with their isolation, specific markers, differentiation capacity, and the functional activities to evaluate wound healing application.

We investigated the effects of stem cell therapy as an alternative to surgical methods and medical treatments in endometrial injuries in Asherman syndrome (AS). Materials and Methods: In this study, AS model was created chemically in rats. The bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the tibia and femoral bone of male individuals of the same species (BMDSC) were given to female rats with asherman syndrome and the changes in the endometrium were evaluated by histopathological parameters. Asherman + medium, Asherman + niche, Asherman + BMDSCs, Asherman + BMDSCs + niche were formed in four groups. Results: It was observed that increased endometrial thickness, gland count and vascularization and decreased fibrous areas and apoptotic cell death with regeneration in epithelium and lamina propria in treatment groups. No histopathologic changes were observed in the right uterine horns, which were evaluated as control group. . Conclusion: BMDSCs and Niche applications can contribute to the clinic by reducing the formation of adhesion within the mechanisms causing infertility. These positive results are promising in terms of transporting Asherman studies to the clinic.It has been shown that BMDSCs and Niche may contribute to the clinic by treatment with adhesion molecules in mechanisms that cause infertility. Amaç: Bu çalışmada Asherman sendromundaki (AS) endometriyal hasarlarda cerrahi yöntemlere ve medikal tedavilere alternatif olarak kök hücre tedavisinin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada sıçanlarda AS modeli kimyasal olarak oluşturuldu. Aynı türün erkek bireylerinin tibia ve femur kemiğinden izole edilen kemik iliği kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücreler (KİMKH) AS oluşturulan dişi sıçanlara verilerek endometriyumda meydana gelen değişiklikler histopatolojik parametrelerle değerlendirildi. Asherman+ besiyeri, Asherman+ niş, Asherman+ KİMKH, Asherman+ KİMKH+ niş olmak üzere toplam dört grup oluşturuldu. Bulgular: Tedavi gruplarında epitel ve lamina propriyadaki rejenerasyonla birilkte endometriyal kalınlığın, bez sayısının ve vaskülarizasyonun arttığı, fibröz alanların ve apoptotik hücre ölümünün azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Kontrol grubu olarak değerlendirilen sağ uterin hornlarda ise her hangi bir histopatolojik değişiklik görülmemiştir. Sonuç: KİMKH ve Niş uygulamalarının, infertiliteye neden olan mekanizmaların içerisinde yer alan adezyon oluşumunu azaltarakedavi ile kliniğe katkı sağlayabileceği gösterildi. Bu olumlu sonuçlar Asherman çalışmalarının kliniğe taşınabilmesi açısından ümit vericidir.

The use of stem cells derived from adipose tissue as an autologous and self-replenishing source for a variety of differentiated cell phenotypes, provides a great deal of promise for reconstructive surgery. The secret of the human body, stem cells are reserved. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells found in the human body placed in any body tissue characteristics that differentiate and win ever known to cross the tissue instead of more than 200 diseases and thus improve and, rejuvenates the tissues. So far, the cord blood of newborn babies are used as a source of stem cells, bone marrow, and twenty years after tooth stem cells in human adipose tissue, scientists studied more than other sources of stem cells in adipose tissue and discovered that. Increase in number of in vitro studies on adult stem cells, depending on many variables is that the stem cells directly to the desired soybean optimization can be performed.. We will conclude by assessing potential avenues for developing this incredibly promising field. The aim of this paper is to review the existing literature on applications of harvest, purification, characterization and cryopreservation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Key words: Stem cell, Adipose tissue, Wound Healing, Differentiation ÖZETKompleks bir canlı olan insan, olağanüstü bir koruma mekanizması geliştirerek zararlı olabilecek etkenlerden mümkün olduğunca kendini uzak tutar ve bunu başarabilmek için de bazı farklılaşmamış hücreleri kullanır. Yani her türlü doku kayıplarında yeniden fonksiyon gösterebilmesinin sırrı sahip olduğu kök hücrelerde saklıdır. Vücudumuzda farklılaşmamış bir hücre olarak bulunan kök hücreler herhangi bir organa yerleştirildiklerinde farklılaşıp o dokunun özelliklerini kazanarak şimdiye kadar bilinen oldukça fazla dokunun yerine geçebilmekte ve bu sayede hastalıkları iyileştirip, dokuları yenileyebilmektedir. Kök hücre kaynağı olarak kullanılan, kordon kanı, kemik iliği ve yirmi yaş dişinden sonra bilim adamları insan yağ dokusunda da kök hücre araştırdılar ve yağ dokusunda diğer kaynaklardan çok daha fazla kök hücre bulunduğunu keşfettiler. Bu hücreler üzerinde yapılan in vitro çalışmalar şunu gösteriyor ki bu hücrelerden birçok değişkene bağlı istenen soya yönelik doğrudan kök hücre optimizasyonu yapılabilmektedir. Bu derlemede de, adipoz kaynaklı kök hücrelerin saflaştırılması ve uygulamalarda kullanılması ile ilgili mevcut literatür gözden geçirilerek bilim dünyasına katı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır.

Phytotherapy has been used for many years due to anticancer and anti-proliferative effects. In this study our purpose was to show the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of oleocanthal and pinus pinaster on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, 67NR and 4T1 breast cancer cell lines. Biological effects of these plants were researched via morphology, MTT assay for cytotoxicity (IC50), immunocytochemical procedure for oxidative stress (eNOS), angiogenesis (VEGF) and TUNEL method for apoptosis. Statistical analysis was performed with the H-score. Oleocanthal and Pinus pinaster extracts showed significant dose and time-dependent inhibition of growth of breast cancer cells. A significant increase in iNOS staining was observed while a decrease in VEGF staining was observed after extract application at IC50 dose. The results showed a significant increase in apoptosis in extract-treated breast cancer cell lines. We showed that the toxic effect of Oleocanthal and Pinus pinaster extracts created by oxidative stress mechanisms. The increase of oxidative stress in breast cancer cells caused the inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Our results indicated that these plants suggest potential agents in breast cancer treatment. Future studies will focus on the identification of the molecules responsible for anti-cancer activity of these substances in order to improve the quality of life of the patients.