No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acquired heart diseases (AHD) are heterogeneous diseases including rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and other affecting the heart and blood vessels after birth but usually appear clinically after 5 years of age. AHD considered as major cause of   morbidity and mortality. The present study was designed to document the spectrum, the affected age and clinical characteristics of AHDs in children of Gadarif state, eastern Sudan.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: This was a descriptive cross section study conducted in Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital in period from June to Dec 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 46 children from Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital with confirmed AHD were enrolled in this study. The females were 27 (58.7%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.4:1. The mean age was 10.6±3.9 years (age’s ≤16 years old); the most common affected age group was 10-14 years accounted 18 (39.1) cases. RHD was the commonest AHD found in 38 (82.6%) patients, the commonest valvular lesion was mitral regurgitation 31 (73.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RHD was the most common AHD in the children in the present study, there is need to improve the scope of intervention facilities in the Sudan particularly in rural areas to prevent the growing and spread of these diseases.</p>

Background: Hallux valgus is a very common deformity of the big toe and can befamilial or acquired. Knowledge of risk factors of hallux valgus is important in order to prevent or minimize progression of this deformity, since a surgical intervention is the only treatment to correct this deformity. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors of hallux valgus deformity and the influence in quality of life Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was conducted in Gadarif state, eastern Sudan from January to June 2021.Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from participants. An informed consent was obtained before data collection. Results: A total of 59 subjects from Gadarif state with HA were enrolled in this study. The females were 32 (54.2%).The most common affected age group was > 35 years accounted 44 (74.6%).33 (55.9 %) of study subjects had normal body weight(statistically not significant p=0. 957).41(69.5%) subjects had a family history of HV (statistically significant p=0. 000). 20/32 (62.5%) female use high heelShoe.44 (74.6 %) subjects had a weakness hallux plantar flexion action and abduction(statistically significant p=0. 000). Conclusion: This study found the prevalence of HV increased with age and was higher in females. There was significant correlation between the family history and hallux deformity. Also the study observed significant association between the severity of hallux deformity and impairment of functions of hallux plantar muscles. There is a reduction in health in general and particularly in foot health with increasing severity pain of hallux deformity that appears to be associated with increase in age. Keywords: hallux valgus, female, male, big toe pain, family history, life quality, Gadarif state, Sudan

Introduction: It is estimated that 1%–2% of male infants have undescended testicles. The reliability of ultrasound (US) to identify the non-palpable undescended testicles (NPUDT) is controversial. Laparoscopy remains the gold standard to diagnose and manage NPUDT. Objective: The objective is to highlight the role of laparoscopy in the management of NPUDT in 2 cities from Sudan over the past decade. Materials and Methods: Patients presented to Gadarif Teaching Hospital and Almak Nimir University Hospital with NPUDT were assessed by clinical examination and US. The testis, when found during laparoscopy, was either brought down to the scrotum in a single or two-stage or removed depending on the findings. Data were collected and analysed. Results: Patients covered the age range between 18 months and 65 years. The average was 12.4. The majority, 94 (67.2%) patients were older than 5 years. The main presenting symptom was either bilateral or unilateral empty scrotum. In 12 (8.4%) patients, the main presenting symptom was primary infertility. US was done in 120 (86.6%) of the patients and failed to see the testis in more than half of them. A single-stage procedure in the form of laparoscopic search assisted with orchidopexy was achieved in 90 (62.9%) patients and orchiectomy in 13 (9.1%) patients, while in 12 (8.4%) patients the testis was not found. Other procedures were applied on the 28 (19.6%) patients who needed staged operation in the form of Fowler Stephen's, in bilateral cases, in 6 (4.2%) patients. Shehata's operation in nine patients (64%) and open orchidopexy for 8 (5.6%) patients. The post-operative complication was encountered in 14 (9.8%) of the patients in this group in the form of bleeding, vassal injury and testicular atrophy. Conclusion: Laparoscopy provides the most accurate interventional option for managing patients with NPUDT. Laparoscopic orchidopexy, whether single stage for low or 2-stages for high intra-abdominal testis, is a proven and effective extension of lap-search with minimal complications.