Biological control of Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitz. Meloidogyne incognita (Chitwood. 1949) disease complex in chilli with organic amendments viz., Farm yard manure and neem cake were field evaluated. The antagonistic organisms used were Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum (antagonists against Pythium aphanidermatum) and Paecilomyces lilacinus (antagonist against Meloidogyne incognita). The incidence of damping-off of chilli was significantly reduced in all the treatments, when the seeds were treated with antagonistic organisms and the soil was amended with the organic amendments 15 days before sowing viz., Farm yard manure or neem cake at the rate of 20 t/ha. The dry shoot and root weights were increased in T. viride + neem cake treatment followed by T. viride + farm yard manure treatment and the root-knot index was verymuch reduced in P.lilacinus + neem cake treatment followed by T. viride + farm yard manure treatment and the root-knot index was very much reduced in P.lilacinus + neem cake treatment and in P. lilacinus + Farm yard manure treatment.
The greengram genotyope COGG 902 is a hybrid derivative of WGG 37 x CO 5. The culture recorded an average seed yield of 982 kg ha" with 25.4, 20.4 and 20.7 per cent increased yield over Vamban 1 (783 kg ha'), CO 5 (815 kg ha¹) and KM 2 (814 kg ha) respectively. It showed resistance to yellow mosaic virus. It is suited for sowing during June-July, Sept-Oct, and Feb-March in all the districts of Tamil Nadu except Nilgiris and Kanyakumari. Hence the culture COGG 902 was released as CO 6 green gram for commercial cultivation in Tamil Nadu during 1999.
To assess the extent of variability, heritability, genetic advance present in 45 Fi's and their 10 parents a study was undertaken at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Lam. both under protected and unprotected environments. The PCV, GCV heritability and genetic advance values were comparatively high for seed cotton yield and number of bolls per plant indicating the operation of additive gene action. The correlation analysis indicated that number of bolls, sympodia and plant height had significant, positive correlation with seed cotton yield in both the environments. Die weightage may be given to these characters while developing high yielding varieties / hybrids with built in resistance to bollworms.
In-vitro efficacy tests of Disfect-S (Poly alkyl monohydric phenol) on the viability of infective propagules of silkworm disease at varying concentrations of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 2.0% & 3.0% were carried out. Efficacy of 'Disfect- S as surface sterilant of silkworm eggs was tested at concentrations of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0% with treatment durations of 1 min, 2 min, 5 min, 10 min and 20 min. The viability and the infectivity of Nosema bombycis spores was inactivated at 0.4% with 5 min. of treatment duration and the infectivity of conidia of Beauveria bassiana was completely arrested at 0.8% with 5 min. duration whereas Nuclear polyhedra virus (BmNPV) were completely inactivated at 0.8% for 10 minutes treatment duration. Disfect-S was highly effective as surface sterilant of silkworm eggs at 0.4% with 2 min. duration treatment without any deleterious effect on hatching. The present study gives an higher scope for Disfect-S as potential commercial disinfectant in sericulture.
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of gossypol gland density in different plant parts in relation to bollworm incidence (Helicoverpa armigera) and seed cotton yield in 10 bollworm donor lines and their 45 F1's obtained in 10 x 10 diallel fashion (without reciprocals). A wide range of variability was observed for gossypol gland number, size and volume per unit arca on leaf, bract and calyx surfaces both in parents and hybrids. The present study revealed that both in parents and hybrids, the nature of relationship between gland density in different plant parts and bollworm incidence in reproductive parts did not follow similar trend. The study also revealed the scope for utilisation of high gossypol gland density on leaf, bract and calyx in future breeding programmes for development of high yielding cotton cultivars with inbuilt mechanism for bollworm tolerance especially for H. armigera.
Genetic diversity was assessed in 42 genetic stocks of Triticum durum on the basis of 10 quantitative characters. High magnitude of variation was reflected by a wide range values for all the characters. Six characters i.e., days to heading, plant height, productive tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight, protein content and sedimentation value showed high heritability value which means that these characters are likely to respond to direct selection. Low correlation between 1000 grain weight and yield indicated that the role of 1000 grain weight in enhancing yield appeared to be limited in case of durum wheat and the two traits were behaving independently. Low negative correlation of yield with protein (-0.18) and no correlation with sedimentation value indicate the possibility of evolving varieties with high yield along with high protein content and strong gluten strength. Clusters formed revealed the absence of relationship between geographical distances and genetic divergence. Crossing between cultivars belonging to clusters I. V, VI and VII is expected to give mazimum extent of heterosis for yield.
Biological and chemical control of Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitz.-Meloidogyne incognita (Chitwood, 1949) disease complex in chilli (Capsicum annum L.) and brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) were evaluated in field. Seed treatement with Diafuran 3G+ Ridomil MZ-72, significantly reduced the incidence of damping-off followed by seed treatment with Ridomil MZ-72, Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and Paecilomyces lilacinus treatments. There was increase in dry shoot and root weight of both crops, when T. viride was used as seed treatment followed by P. lilacinus and T. harzianum. The nematode gall-index was highly reduced in Diafuran 3G+ treatment followed by P. lilacinus and Diafuran 3G-Ridomil MZ-72 treaments.
A ten parent diallel cross analysis involving bollworm tolerant donor lines of upland cotton was studied for component of variance analysis for seven traits. Both additive and non-additive gene action were important for all the traits except seed index. However the role of dominance was major for all the traits studied. Dominance was ambidirectional for all the traits studied. Epistasis influenced the performance of number of bolls and seed cotton yield. Narrow sense heritability was high for days to 50 per cent flowering, boll number and seed cotton yield/plant while moderate for boll weight, seed index, lint index and ginning percentage. The number of genes controlling inheritance of the traits were established. Any form of recurrent selection may be followed for exploiting all the three types of gene actions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.