Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biosynthetic and biodegradable plastic which attracts attention du to its properties. Out of nine Actinomycetes isolates obtained from different soil samples, the PHB accumulating isolate was identified by molecular studies and was identified as Streptomyces incanus BK128. Different agricultural waste (wheat bran, rice bran, rice straw and molasses) were employed for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production as the main carbon source. Some supplements such as (0.4 g) ammonium sulphate were used to optimize the PHB production medium. The maximum PHB production was achieved with wheat bran (1.9g/l). Different parameters including; the initial pH of the medium, ammonium chloride concentration and inoculum size; were carried out under shaking flask conditions (150 rpm) at 30ºC for 5 days of incubation to enhance the PHB production. The maximum PHB production (2.82gl-1) was achieved at pH 6.5, (2%) NH 4 CL and 5 ml inoculum size, respectively. The effect of gamma irradiation on the activity of Streptomyces incanus BK 128 towards PHB production showed that, at dose level 1.5 kGy, the maximum PHB production obtained was 3.39 gl-1 .
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