Aim To evaluate in vivo the bone tissue response of rats to varying amounts of infected and noninfected dentine debris. Methodology Bone tissue reactions were evaluated histologically in 42 Wistar rats after 7, 30 and 60 days. For each animal, three surgical cavities were prepared on the femur and filled with varying amounts (5, 10 or 20 mg) of infected or noninfected dentine debris pellets. In the negative control group, the surgical cavities were not filled. At the end of each experimental period, the animals were euthanized. The samples were processed histologically and analysed using a light microscope. The presence and the severity of inflammatory reaction, as well as hard tissue deposition were evaluated. Data were subjected to statistical analysis and the effects of the dependent variables calculated using nonparametric tests Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U with due Bonferroni corrections at P = 0.05. Results At 7 days, the presence of infected debris significantly increased the histopathological scores for neutrophils (P < 0.05), and abscess formation (P < 0.05). Noninfected debris scored significantly higher for lymphocyte infiltrate compared with the control group and infected debris (P < 0.05). Both infected and noninfected debris equally triggered eosinophil cells compared with no‐dentine (P < 0.05). As for giant cells and macrophages, no difference was detected amongst the dentine groups (P > 0.05). Hard tissue deposition was similar regardless of the presence or the bacteriological status of the dentine (P = 1.00). None of the above histopathological parameters was significantly influenced by the amount of debris (P > 0.05). For all parameters evaluated, at 7 days of analysis, the inflammatory response was significantly more intense compared with 30 and 60 days (P < 0.05). Inflammatory parameters were scored similarly for the evaluated groups after 30 and 60 days (P > 0.05). However, hard tissue deposition has significantly increased after 30 days (P < 0.05). No difference was seen between 30 and 60 days of analysis (P = 1.00) for all histological parameters evaluated. Conclusion The assumption that the amount of extruded debris may negatively affect the inflammatory response of bone tissue was not validated in the present in vivo animal study. Infected dentine may trigger acute inflammatory parameters especially during the first 7 days of contact with the tissue; however, in the long term, these negative effects are mitigated.
Objective. This study evaluated the discoloration potential of endodontic materials used in primary teeth. Material and Methods. Dentine-enamel blocks were prepared from 75 bovine teeth, assorted in five experimental groups (n = 15). The tested materials included an MTA-based material; zinc oxide and eugenol cement (ZOE); Vitapex; and calcium hydroxide thickened with zinc oxide (Calen + ZO). The color measurements were performed using a spectrophotometer at the following intervals: prior to (T0) and after placement of the filling (T1) and after 1 week (T2), 1 month (T3), 3 months (T4), 6 months (T5), and 9 months (T6). Data were submitted to ANOVA with repeated measures and Tukey's test. Results. The time had a significant effect on the color variation (ΔE00⁎) (p < 0.0001). The effect of the materials on the color variation (ΔE00⁎) was statistically significant (p = 0.004). Interactions between time and materials demonstrated a significant effect on the values (ΔE00⁎) (p < 0.0001). The ZOE cement showed the highest darkening effect (p = 0.018). Conclusion. The MTA-based material showed the smallest discoloration during the experimental time; however, it was similar to the other materials and to the control group. Zinc oxide and eugenol showed higher discoloration.
Introdução e objetivo: Ainda são escassos os estudos que avaliam com exatidão o sucesso do tratamento e retratamento endodônticos e quais as falhas que realmente impactam no desfecho dos mesmos. Determinar o índice e os fatores preditivos para o sucesso de tratamentos e retratamentos endodônticos, realizados por alunos de graduação com o mesmo nível de aprendizado. Materiais e métodos: Foram verificados os registros de proservação, com pelo menos 12 meses, dos tratamentos endodônticos realizados na Faculdade de Odontologia de Pelotas, analisando o sucesso ou o fracasso endodôntico, de acordo com critérios clínicos e radiográficos. As variáveis preditivas no resultado do sucesso do tratamento foram: dente, número de canais, coroa dentária, sintomas, diagnóstico da polpa e índice periapical radiográfico. As variáveis relacionadas ao tratamento foram: técnica de instrumentação, número de sessões e limite de instrumentação apical. Resultados: 136 tratamentos endodônticos foram realizados com um acompanhamento de, pelo menos, 12 meses. A avaliação mostrou que o sucesso endodôntico foi influenciado pelo número de sessões (P = 0,015), diagnóstico inicial e grupo dentário (P= 0.014). Também foi possível observar que, quanto maior o índice periapical radiográfico inicial, pior o prognóstico endodôntico (P < 0.001). Conclusão: O índice de sucesso do tratamento endodôntico foi de 96.7% para casos de polpa vital, 87.5% para os casos de necrose pulpar e 92.9% em retratamentos. Estes índices foram influenciados pelo dente tratado, diagnóstico inicial, índice periapical radiográfico inicial e pelo número de sessões utilizadas no tratamento.
Introduction This study aimed to compare the effect of ultrasonic activation in comparison to conventional irrigation in the removal of dentin debris from the root canals walls. Methods Sixty single-rooted mandibular incisors with one only straight flattened root canal were selected and allocated across groups (n=15), according to the irrigation protocol: G1: conventional irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; G2: conventional irrigation with 2% chlorhexidine gel and saline solution; G3: G1 + ultrasonic activation; G4: G2 + ultrasonic activation. Cross-sectional images were obtained and evaluated before and after root canal cleaning and shaping. Two-way (ANOVA) and t-test (P < 0.05) statistical tests were performed. Results G3 irrigation protocol removed significantly more dentin debris (p=0.0065), followed by the G1 protocol (p=0.0165) and by the G2 and G4 techniques, which were comparable (p=0.763). Conclusions Irrigation with sodium hypochlorite followed by ultrasonic activation promoted a significant reduction in dentin debris within the root canal system.
A qualidade da obturação é um dos fatores que influenciam diretamente no prognóstico do tratamento de canais radiculares. Dessa forma, é possível estabelecer um critério de previsibilidade de sucesso endodôntico com base na qualidade da imagem radiográfica da obturação. Objetivo: Verificar a correlação do grau de curvatura de raízes mesiais de molares com a qualidade da obturação dos canais radiculares em tratamentos endodônticos realizados por alunos de graduação, pela técnica manual de instrumentação. Material e métodos: Foram incluídos no estudo 108 molares tratados por alunos do último ano do curso de Odontologia, pela técnica coroa-ápice e obturados pela técnica clássica de condensação lateral da guta-percha. A radiografia final de obturação seguiu a técnica do paralelismo em posição ortorradial. Por intermédio dessas radiografias, foi traçado o grau de curvatura das raízes mesiais dos molares, pelo método de Schneider [38]. O grau de curvatura foi correlacionado com cada uma das variáveis independentes: extensão, densidade e conicidade da obturação, além da ocorrência de acidentes. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste estatístico de correlação não paramétrica (Spearman), para verificar a relação entre as variáveis estudadas. Resultados: De acordo com o teste de Spearman, quanto maior a angulação, maior a distância da obturação ao ápice (P = 0,00197, r2 = 0,307), da mesma forma que, quanto maior a angulação, menor a conicidade alcançada no preparo dos canais radiculares (P = 0,0422, r2 = 0,204). Não houve correlação significante entre angulação e densidade das obturações (P = 0,446) ou ocorrência de acidentes (P = 0,0938). Conclusão: O grau de curvatura radicular interfere significativamente na obtenção de uma conicidade e extensão adequadas da obturação dos canais radiculares.
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