Helping pregnant women to meet the recommended weight gain during pregnancy may be an important and novel strategy for preventing pediatric obesity.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an uncommon but serious complication associated with assisted reproductive technology (ART). This systematic review aims to identify who is at high risk, how to prevent OHSS, and the treatment for existing OHSS.

No abstract

Aberrant telomere homeostasis is associated with occult ovarian insufficiency in young women. This finding is consistent with the presence of telomeric attenuation that has been shown in multiple age-related conditions.

Context: Adequate sex steroid hormone concentrations are essential for normal fetal genital development in early pregnancy. Our previous study demonstrated an inverse relationship between third-trimester di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate exposure and total testosterone (TT) concentrations. Here, we examine earlypregnancy phthalates, sex steroid hormone concentrations, and newborn reproductive outcomes. Design:We examined associations between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in early pregnancy and serum free testosterone (FT), TT, estrone (E1), and estradiol (E2) in 591 woman/infant dyads in The Infant Development and Environment Study; we also examined relationships between hormones and newborn genital outcomes using multiple regression models with covariate adjustment.Results: E1 and E2 concentrations were 15% to 30% higher in relation to 1-unit increases in log monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate, and mono-2-ethyl-5-oxy-hexyl phthalate concentrations, and E2 was 15% higher in relation to increased log monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP). FT concentrations were 12% lower in relation to 1-unit increases in log mono(carboxynonyl) phthalate (MCNP) and mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate concentrations. Higher maternal FT was associated with a 25% lower prevalence of having a male genital abnormality at birth. Conclusions:The positive relationships between MiBP, MBzP, and DEHP metabolites and E1/E2 are unique and suggest a positive estrogenic effect in early pregnancy. The inverse relationship between MCNP and DEHP metabolites and serum FT supports previous work examining phthalate/testosterone relationships later in pregnancy. Higher FT in relation to a 25% lower prevalence of male genital abnormalities confirms the importance of testosterone in early fetal development. Abbreviations: AGD, anogenital distance; AGD AC , anoclitoral distance; AGD AF , anofourchette distance; AGD AP , anopenile distance; AGD AS , anoscrotal distance; BBzP, benzyl butyl phthalate; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; CI, confidence interval; DBP, dibutyl phthalate; DEHP, di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate; EDC, endocrine-disrupting chemical; FT, free testosterone; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; LC, liquid chromatography; LOD, limit of detection; MBP, monobutyl phthalate; MBzP, monobenzyl phthalate; MCNP, mono(carboxynonyl) phthalate; MCOP, mono(carboxy-isooctyl) phthalate; MECPP, mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate; MEHP, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate; MEHHP, mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxy-hexyl phthalate; MEOHP, mono-2-ethyl-5-oxy-hexyl phthalate; MEP, monoethyl phthalate; MiBP, monoisobutyl phthalate; MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometry; SD, standard deviation; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; TIDES, The Infant Development and the Environment Study; TT, total testosterone. 1870https://academic.oup.com/jcem

The value of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) as a screening test for in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients has yet to be determined. Several studies demonstrate higher birth rates after aneuploidy testing and elective single-embryo transfer (eSET), suggesting the potential for this testing to decrease the risk of multiple gestations, though these studies have important limitations.

Objective To identify baseline characteristics of couples likely to predict conception, clinical pregnancy, and live-birth following up to four cycles of ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination in couples with unexplained infertility. Design Secondary analyses of data from a prospective, randomized, multicenter clinical trial investigating pregnancy, live-birth, and multiple pregnancy rates following ovarian stimulation-intrauterine insemination with clomiphene citrate, letrozole, or gonadotropins. Setting Outpatient clinical units associated with the Reproductive Medicine Network clinical sites Patients Nine-hundred couples with unexplained infertility who participated in the Assessment of Multiple Intrauterine Gestations from Ovarian Stimulation (AMIGOS) clinical trial. Intervention As part of the clinical trial, treatment was randomized equally to one of three arms and continued for up to four cycles or until pregnancy was achieved. Main outcomes measures Conception, clinical pregnancy and live-birth rates. Results In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for other covariates, age, waist circumference, income level, duration of infertility, and a history of prior pregnancy loss were significantly associated with at least one pregnancy outcome. Other baseline demographic and lifestyle characteristics including smoking, alcohol use, and serum levels of AMH, were not significantly associated with pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions While age and duration of infertility were significant predictors of all pregnancy outcomes, many other baseline characteristics were not. The identification of level of income as a significant predictor of outcomes independent of race and education may reflect differences in the underlying etiologies of unexplained infertility or could reveal disparities in access to fertility and/or obstetrical care.

Based on American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) and Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology data available through 2014, ASRM's guidelines for the limits on the number of embryos to be transferred in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles have been further refined in continuing efforts to promote singleton gestation and reduce the number of multiple pregnancies. This version replaces the document titled Criteria for number of embryos to transfer: a committee opinion that was published most recently in August of 2013 (Fertil Steril 2013;99:44-6).