This study aimed to investigate the effects of aqueous cinnamon extract (ACE) on 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral carcinogenesis in hamster cheek pouch (HCP) mucosa. Sixty male Syrian hamsters were randomly divided into six equal groups. The hamsters of groups I, II and III received no treatment, DMBA and ACE respectively, for 16 weeks. Groups IV and V were handled as group II and concomitantly treated with ACE for the same period and additionally group V received ACE for other 16 weeks after the stoppage of DMBA application. Group VI hamsters were handled as group III and additionally received DMBA for other 16 weeks after the stoppage of ACE supplementation. Hamsters of each group were euthanized according to the experimental schedule. The buccal pouches were and prepared for H&E stain, PAS reagent, CD3 and PDGF immunohistochemical reactivity. All groups showed dysplastic changes with varying degrees except groups I and III. Deep invasive carcinomas were recorded in 90% of the samples of group II, 60% of group IV, 50% of group V and 40% of group VI. From the previous results, it can be concluded that ACE has the potentiality preventing oral cancer initiation better than inhibiting oral cancer progression.
This study was conducted to assess the effect of compost, agricultural gypsum and sugar beet mud (By-product in a sugar beet manufacturing process) on barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L) grown in pots containing saline clay or nonsaline sandy soil. For this purpose, three different rates of compost, gypsum and sugar beet mud (0.5, 1 and 1.5%, equivalent to 2.5, 5 and 7.5 g pot-1 , respectively) were applied to both soils in pots 500 g soil and moisted two weeks before sowing. The used experimental design was a completely randomized design with three replicates for each treatment. Growth parameters (i.e. shoot fresh and dry weights (g plant-1) and No. of plants pot-1) and also elements concentration (i.e. N, P, K, Na, Mg and Ca %) were evaluated. The findings indicated that the obtained values significantly increased with the increase of adding rate of all soil amendments under study, where the highest values were realized due to the addition rate of 1.5% followed by 1% and 0.5%, respectively for all growth parameters and elements concentrations, except K% which suffered from antagonism with calcium that is included in the composition of agricultural gypsum and sugar beet mud. Also, barley grown in the control treatment (without any soil addition) appeared extremely nutrient deficient. Soil applications of compost, gypsum and sugar beet mud positively influenced on barley plants grown on saline and sandy soils. Also, sugar beet mud is beneficial for barley plants grown on studied degraded soils due to its high contents from calcium and organic matter.
Objective: Epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) is an essential process for tumor progression. Targeting molecules in EMT might repress tumor progression. Pomegranate molasses and red grape vinegar are rich in polyphonic compounds with a significant therapeutic use. In this study we evaluated the possible protective effect of pomegranate molasses and red grape vinegar on dysplastic changes in chemically induced oral squamous cell carcinoma in hamsters.Material and Methods: 76 male hamsters were divided equally into 4 groups (19 each). Group I served as control group with no intervention. Group II received topical application of 0.5% 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) on the left buccal pouches for 16 weeks with no intervention. Group III received 0.5 ml of Pomegranate molasses plus 0.5 ml distilled water through ingestion daily which was concomitant with DMBA application and continued for 3 months post induction period. Group IV received a red grape vinegar in a protocol similar to group III. Then the pouches were collected, fixed and processed for H&E, anti-TGF-β and anti-CK-19 staining.Results: Group II showed classical dysplastic changes with statistically significant higher expression of anti-TGF-β and CK-19 (P<0.0001) compared to group III and IV. The later showed reduction of dysplastic changes and anti-TGF-β and CK-19 expression. There was no significant difference between the two treatment modalities.
Conclusion:Both pomegranate molasses and red grape vinegar reduced the signs of dysplasia via reduction of TGF-β and CK-19 expression and consequently reduction of the EMT. Both pomegranate molasses and red grape vinegar represent promising protective therapeutic modalities for reduction of dysplasia and carcinogenesis.
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