Background: Radiosensitization using nanoparticles is proposed as a novel strategy for treatment of different cancers. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been reported to enhance effects of radiotherapy in several researches. The objective of this research is to investigate the radiosensitization properties of polyglycerol coated SPIONs (PG-SPIONs) on U87-MG cancer cells.Material and Methods: Polyglycerol coated SPIONs were synthesized by thermal decomposition method and characterized by FTIR, TEM and VSM analysis. Cellular uptake of nanoparticles by cells was examined via AAS. Cytotoxicity and radiosensitization of nanoparticles in combination with radiation were evaluated by MTT and colony assay, respectively.Results: Mean size of nanoparticles was 17.9±2.85 nm. FTIR verified SPIONs coating by Polyglycerol and VSM showed that they have superparamagnetic behaviour. Viability significantly (P < 0.001) decreased at concentrations above 100µg/ml for SPIONs but not for PG-SPIONs (P > 0.05). Dose verification results by TLD for doses of 2 and 4 Gy were 2±0/19 and 4±0/12 Gy respectively. The combination index for all situations was less than 1 and the effect is antagonism.Conclusion: However, PG-SPIONs combination with 6 MV X rays reduced survival of U87-MG cells compared to radiation alone but the effect is antagonism.
: Studies have documented criteria for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia as more information has become available about its symptoms and complications. Similar to other coronavirus-induced cases of pneumonia, COVID-19 pneumonia causes acute respiratory problems. The chest CT scan, which is easily available in almost all areas, is a common imaging technique for diagnosing pneumonia. Its findings, which are accompanied by high speed, quality, and accuracy, allow the radiologist to easily identify affected areas of the lungs and to determine typical radiological features of patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19. These features include ground-glass opacity, multifocal patchy consolidation, and interstitial changes with the peripheral distribution. The highest incidence occurs in the 4th and 5th lobes, where about 50% to 75% of the lesions observed. For infected patients, the CT scan protocol includes administration of HRCT technique in the inspiration phase with spiral 4-slice devices and higher. Scan parameters also include KV: 100 - 120, and mAs: 20 - 30, thickness = 1 - 2 mm, spiral, single breath-hold, and Pitch = 0.8 - 1.5, which are determined for all patients. Since there are restrictions on using ionizing radiation for pregnant women, it is recommended to initially conduct PCR tests. If necessary, typical radiography with an abdominal shield can be used for women in the first trimester of pregnancy, and the HRCT technique in low doses can be used for those in the second and third trimesters.
Background and Objective:
Glucosamine is a widely prescribed dietary supplement used in the
treatment of osteoarthritis. In the present study, the chemoprotectant ability of glucosamine was evaluated
against cisplatin-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in rat bone marrow cells.
Methods:
Glucosamine was orally administrated to rats at doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg body weight for seven
consecutive days. On the seventh day, the rats were treated with a single injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg, i.p.) at
1h after the last oral administration. The cisplatin antagonistic potential of glucosamine was assessed by micronucleus
assay, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) level analysis, hematological analysis, and flow cytometry.
Results:
Glucosamine administration to cisplatin-treated rats significantly decreased the frequencies of
Micronucleated Polychromatic Erythrocytes (MnPCEs) and Micronucleated Normchromatic Erythrocytes
(MnNCEs), and also increased PCE/(PCE+NCE) ratio in bone marrow cells. Furthermore, treatment of rats with
glucosamine before cisplatin significantly inhibited apoptosis, necrosis and ROS generation in bone marrow
cells, and also increased red blood cells count in peripheral blood.
Conclusion:
This study shows glucosamine to be a new effective chemoprotector against cisplatin-induced
DNA damage and apoptosis in rat bone marrow cells. The results of this study may be helpful in reducing the
harmful effects of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in the future.
Background: Every year, many people around the world die from cancers. Among all types of cancers, brain cancer has been recognized as one of the most deadly cancers due to the late detection and limitations of current therapies, and thus it remains an unresolved problem. Glioblastoma occurs in different parts of the central nervous system and is one of the most important causes of cancer death in people. In addition, there are many problems for the treatment of cancer cells. One of the limiting factors is the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. In this regard, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) is an effective method for overcoming this problem. Materials and Methods: In this study, iron oxide-NPs were synthesized and loaded on the folic and lomustine. Further, the size and morphology of NPs were assessed by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Then, the U87-MG cell line was cultured in the Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium and treated with nano, nano-folic, nano-lomustine (LUM), LUM, and complex, followed by evaluating 50% inhibitory concentration, tetrazolium assay, and caspase-6 activity. Results: Our results showed that cell viability decreased in LUM container groups by increasing the incubation time. Based on the caspase-6 activity analysis, the mortality rate increased in LUM container groups after 3 days. These findings indicated that LUM, complex, and nano-LUM increase cell death in U87MG. Conclusion: Finally, the results suggested that LUM in NPs could be applied as a safer form of drug delivery for targeting cancer.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.