Heavy metal contamination in soil is an important environmental problem and it has negative effect on agriculture. Bacteria play a major role in phytoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soil. In this study, the effect of Bacillus licheniformis NCCP-59, a halophilic bacterium isolated from salt mines near Karak, Pakistan, were determined on a three week old greenhouse grown seedling and germinating seeds of two rice varieties (Basmati-385 (B-385) and KSK-282) in soil contaminated with different concentrations (0, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm) of Nickel. Nickel significantly reduced the germination rate and germination percentage mainly at 500 and 1000 ppm. Significant decrease in ion contents (Na, K, and Ca) was observed while Ni ion concentration in the plant tissues increases as the concentration of Ni applied increases. The photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a (chl a), chlorophyll b (chl b), and carotenoids) were also decreased by the application of different concentrations of Ni. Total protein and organic nitrogen were found to be reduced at higher concentrations of Nickel. Inoculation of Bacillus licheniformis NCCP-59 improved seed germination and biochemical attribute of the plant under Ni stress. It is clear from the results that the Bacillus Licheniformis NCCP-59 strain has the ability to protect the plants from the toxic effects of nickel and can be used for the phytoremediation of Ni contaminated soil.
Highlights Hydatid cyst is fairly common in endemic areas & can involve any part of the body. Involvement of Pectoralis major muscle is rare. Ultrasound and CT scan help in diagnosing them. Most of the times, surgery is the usual treatment modality, followed by irrigation with a scolicidal agent. A course of albendazole should be prescribed after surgery. Hydatid cyst is fairly common in endemic areas & can involve any part of the body. Involvement of Pectoralis major muscle is rare. Ultrasound and CT scan help in diagnosing them. Most of the times, surgery is the usual treatment modality, followed by irrigation with a scolicidal agent. A course of albendazole should be prescribed after surgery.
Background: We herein report our experience of optimized utilization of tocilizumab for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a limited-resource tertiary care hospital.Methods: This single-center, single-arm, open-label, interventional study was conducted to determine the effect of tocilizumab on the mortality of patients with COVID-19.Results: Fifty-nine patients were administered tocilizumab. Patients who received invasive respiratory support were identified to have a higher risk of mortality than those who received oxygen support.Conclusion: Our study showed that the maximum benefit of tocilizumab was observed as a prophylactic treatment of cytokine syndrome in patients with COVID-19, particularly those with moderate to severe symptoms who are not receiving invasive respiratory support.TOCIPAK <a href="https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-25rtydq">https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-25rtydq</a>; REBEC Number 11773
Background: Thalassemia, the most common heterogeneous single gene disorder causing sever genetic health problem in the world. In 1932 George and William gave it the name thalassemia derived from Greek words (“thallassa: mean sea) and (“aima: mean blood). The research was conducted on thalassemia minor patients in North Waziristan and some selected areas of Peshawar Khyber pakhtunkhwa. Methods: During this survey 100 thalassemia minor patients were interviewed belonging to different castes. It was observed that majority of the patients were from the age group 1-10 years both in male asn females. Different ethnic groups were interviewed such as Yousafzai, Halimzai, Dawar, Wazir, Noor khel, Musazai, Saidan, Miserkhal, Afridi, Miagan, and Afghan. Results: The most of the thalassemia minor patients belonged to rural area (62.4 %) while 36.6% patients were reported from urban area. The maximum number of thalassemia minor patients belonged to lower class which was reported 47% followed by middle class (35%) and rich people (18%). The parents of 64 patients were cousin while the parents of 36 patients had marriage out of the family. The birth abnormalities were also recorded and observed as abortion (30%), delay birth (23%), still birth (13%) and premature birth (17%). During this study it was observed that majority of the patients were of the moderate body status (54.5%) Interestingly the ratio of obese people was very low. While the ratio of thin people was 39.4%. The physical abnormalities found in thalassemia minor patients included eye, skin, ear, mental and bone and joint abnormalities. the people having the age from 1-10 have an average HB level of 9.45 g/dl while those having age of 41-60 have an average HB level of 11.58 g/dl. The physical infections also reported such as eye infection (39%), GIT infection (20%), Lung infection, Skin infection (16%), UTI (7%) and Ear infection (2%). Conclusion: This study provides an insight in to the mechanism of transmission of thalassemia in the family and suggest social awareness about the disadvantages of the interfamilial marriages. Keywords: Thalassemia, Consanguineous marriages, Hemoglobin, Birth Abnormalities, Infections.
Background: Dengue is a viral infection affecting different parts of the world, particularly the under developed countries including Pakistan. Changes in hematological parameters are frequently observed in dengue viral infection out of which the changes in the structure of platelets and their levels are a predominant factor in dengue viral infection. In view of the foresaid, this study was conducted to find the platelet levels and indices in confirmed cases suffering from dengue fever. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Peshawar in a duration of five months from September to December 2022. A total of five hundred patients were screened for dengue viral infection. Blood samples were collected from all suspected dengue infected patients and processed for complete blood count (CBC). Percentage and mean standard deviation were calculated and data were expressed in tables and graphs. Results: Among total suspected patients, one hundred fifty patients were found positive in which highest number of patients were male (65.3%) than female patients (34.7%). The minimum hemoglobin, white blood cells, and platelets were 6.9 g/dl, 2400 g/dl, and 43000 g/dl respectively. Low level of hemoglobin was found in 9.4% patients, 25.3% patients had below normal white blood cell count, and 30.4% patients were observed with less than normal platelet count. Few patients were noted with lower mean platelets volume and plateletcrit than normal. Conclusion: The study showed a significant impact of dengue viral infection on complete blood count. The hemoglobin, WBC, platelets, and platelet indices were potentially affected with dengue viral infection. It is necessary to design a strategy for early diagnosis of dengue infected patients for timely treatment, which can together save patients from severe impact of dengue viral infection such as dengue shock syndrome which could be fatal. Keywords: Dengue viral infection, Hematological parameters, Platelets, Mean Platelets Volume, Plateletcrit, Platelet distributive width.
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