Objective: Burning mouth syndrome is characterized by pain in the oral mucosa with no visible organic pathology. Few treatment options are available; however, none of them are gold-standard. Here we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of clonazepam, pregabalin, and alpha lipoic acid for treating burning mouth syndrome. Materials and Methods: Patients were divided into three groups. Clonazepam (2 mg/day) was administered to the patients in the first group, pregabalin (150 mg/day) to those in the second group, and alpha lipoic acid (600 mg/day) to those in the third group. Each group consisted of 30 patients. The intensity of oral pain in each group was measured before and at the end of the treatment (fourth month) using the visual analog scale. The study was carried on for four months. Results: Significant improvement was observed in the clonazepam and pregabalin groups; no effects were observed in the alpha lipoic acid group. No serious side effects were noted in any of the patients. Conclusion: Systemic clonazepam and pregabalin are viable options for the treatment of burning mouth syndrome.

Introduction. Many patients who were diagnosed as polycystic ovary syndrome- (PCOS-) related acne were not capable of sustaining or beginning oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) due to pill scaring, contraindications of OCP use, migraine, or smoking. In this situation, oral isotretinoin treatment may become an important option for PCOS-related acne. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of isotretinoin treatment on PCOS patients who were complicated with severe cystic acne. Materials and Methods. This study consisted of 40 female patients diagnosed as PCOS complicated with severe cystic acne. These patients were not eligible candidates for OCP use due to migraine, thrombophilia, heavy smoking, or pill scare. To establish baseline values of hormone levels, on days 2–5 of the menstrual cycle, venous blood samples were obtained. Moreover Modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG) score, acne score (AS), follicle count, and bilateral ovarian volumes were evaluated both before and after isotretinoin treatment. Results. Isotretinoin treatment significantly decreased Ferriman-Gallwey score, free testosterone, insulin level, hemoglobin level, acne score, and ovarian volume. Increased triglyceride and cholesterol levels were detected after treatment. Conclusion. Isotretinoin treatment may have beneficial effects on free testosterone, insulin, acne score, and Ferriman-Gallwey score. Solely isotretinoin administration may supply adequate healing in PCOS patients’ symptoms complicated with severe cystic acne who is not eligible candidates for OCP use. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02855138.

This is the first study that showed that rapamycin is an effective agent for controlling epilepsy without any significant side effect in children with TSC. Rapamycin seems to be effective after 6 months of therapy, and we recommend tapering the dosage after successful management of epilepsy.

Systemic isotretinoin has a positive effect on male fertility. Since the hormone levels did not change significantly, this positive effect of isotretinoin is not via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis but can be due to its regenerative and proliferative effects on the testes.

IntroductionThe association between vitiligo and thyroid disease is not fully investigated especially in paediatric patients.AimTo determine the incidence of vitiligo and thyroid disorders in children. This is the first report from middle Anatolia and the second report from Turkey.Material and methodsA retrospective chart review was performed to examine the presence of thyroid abnormalities in paediatric patients who had been admitted to the dermatology department with vitiligo.ResultsA total of 155 paediatric patients, including 80 (52%) male and 75 (48%) female patients were included. The mean age was 8.6 years. Non segmental vitiligo was the most common type of the disease in 140 (90%) reviewed patients, while segmental vitiligo appeared only in 15 (10%) patients. The mean onset of vitiligo was 5.6 ±0.9 years. A family history of vitiligo was found in 14 (9%) children. Thirty-four (22%) patients had thyroid function tests and/or thyroid autoantibody abnormality. All of these patients had non segmental vitiligo. It was statistically significant (p < 0.05) in types of vitiligo and thyroid disease parameters.ConclusionsOur results show that it may be useful to screen thyroid in children with non segmental vitiligo.

a b s t r a c t Background: "Geriatric patients" are a special group among dermatology patients because of the higher incidences of dermatologic and systemic diseases in this group. We aimed to determine the prevalence of dermatologic diseases, their relationship with age/sex, and hospitalization diagnoses with average times of hospitalization in the aged population. Methods: A total 7412 patients aged > 65 years who were admitted to dermatology clinics between April 2009 and April 2014 were included in this analysis. Hospital databases were used for data collection. The data were analyzed according to age, sex, hospitalization rate, and average hospitalization time. Results: Of the total 7412 geriatric patients enrolled in this study, 3640 (49.1%) were male and 3772 (50.9%) female. The two most frequent dermatologic diseases were eczematous dermatitis (32.2%) and skin infections and infestations (18.5%). In females, bullous diseases were more common, whereas in males, skin infections and infestations were more common (p < 0.05). The most frequent disease, in terms of hospitalization, was the eczematous dermatitis. The longest hospitalization times were for skin infections and infestations. There were no differences between the diseases according to age groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Eczematous dermatitis is the most common dermatologic disease in the elderly. Both treatment resistance and difficulty in differential diagnoses make eczematous dermatitis and pruritus the two most frequent reasons for hospitalization. Additionally, dividing patients into subgroups according to age has no relevance to dermatological practice.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psoriasis and heart rate recovery (HRR) index. Patients and Methods: A total of 50 patients with a diagnosis of psoriasis and 32 healthy volunteers were included in the study. In all patients, a stress test was performed to calculate the HRR index in a manner which aimed to reach the age-specific maximum heart rate. HRR indices were calculated in all patients and controls. Results: HRR (beats/minute) indices after the 1st (HRR₁, 26 ± 10 vs. 33 ± 8, p = 0.002), 2nd (44 ± 11 vs. 50 ± 6, p = 0.002), 3rd (51 ± 7 vs. 63 ± 8, p < 0.001), 4th (54 ± 7 vs. 65 ± 8, p < 0.001) and 5th (57 ± 8 vs. 70 ± 10, p < 0.001) minutes of the recovery period were significantly lower in the psoriasis group compared to healthy controls. In addition, HRR₁ was significantly correlated with duration of psoriasis (r = 0.541, p < 0.001) and psoriasis area and severity index score (r = 0.511, p < 0.001). Conclusion: HRR was lower in patients with psoriasis. Given the prognostic value of this test, patients with psoriasis might be at risk for future cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality.

The deteriorative effects of systemic isotretinoin treatment on ovarian reserve, which can be accepted as an indicator of female fertility, diminish in time.