Objective The objective of this study was to assess school backpacks and associated problems across school going children aged 8–12 years in Lahore, Pakistan. Self-perceived pain related to bag pack use, correlation between self-reported pain and perceived weight of bag pack, duration of bag pack carriage and the method of bag pack carriage were evaluated. Methodology A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 3500 students from different private schools across Lahore. Both male and female students from the age of 8–12 years that were present on the day of the study with no apparent physical deformity or any musculoskeletal disorder were included in the study. Questionnaire used in this study was a modified questionnaire from a previous study.Data collected through questionnaire was coded into SPSS version 18.Data was represented in the form of graphs, tables, cross tabs and bar charts. Chi square test of association was applied with p value<0.05 considered as significant. Results The results indicate that 82% of students surveyed carry bag packs, 54.66% of the students perceived the weight of their bag pack heavy, 40.22% medium while only 5.12% reported their bag pack lightly weighed. Pain was higher in individuals who perceived their bag pack weight heavy (i. e., 48%) pain, who carried their bag pack for over 20 min (44%) pain and over 30 min (56%) pain, respectively. Similarly percentage of pain was higher in individuals who carried their bag pack at one shoulder (i. e., 74%) pain. Conclusion The results of the present study show that there is a relationship between bag pack use, duration and method of bag pack carriage this suggests that heavy, medium and light bag packs may have damaging effects for the school going children. A study to compare children who follow and that do not follow the recommended guidelines should be conducted to find out the guidelines could help reduce back pain, the bag pack guidelines have addressed bag pack weight and duration of carriage should be considered.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Mulligan mobilization with Kinesio Tex tape on pain and disability in anterior innominate dysfunction in females. Methodology: This study was a Quasi Experimental Trial, conducted at Allied hospital and Javeed Medical complex Faisalabad. A sample size of 30 females with anterior innominate dysfunction meeting the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups. Group A was treated with therapeutic ultrasound, Mulligan mobilization technique and kinesio taping technique and group B was treated with therapeutic ultrasound and Mulligan mobilization technique. Data was taken at first day and after 10 days to measure pain and disability by Visual analogue scale and Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ). Data analysis was done through the SPSS 20. Result: Mean age of group A and B was 32.80±6.02, 34.20±6.51 respectively. Both groups showed significant improvement in pain and disability after the treatment in term of VAS and MODQ respectively. In comparison of two groups, group A showed better improvement in disability MODQ (p=0.004) as compared to VAS (p=0.20). Conclusion: Both Mulligan mobilization along with Kineso tex tape and Mulligan mobilization alone are effective in reducing pain and disability. Mulligan mobilization along with Kinesio tex tape showed significantly better improvement in pain and disability as compared to Mulligan mobilization alone. Key Words: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction, anterior innominate dysfunction, Kinesio taping, Mulligan mobilization, therapeutic ultrasound, Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire. Continuous...
Objective: To determine the effects of Pilates exercises on pain, knee range of motion and functional disability in women with knee osteoarthritis. Method: The double-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted at the National Orthopaedic Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, from April to September 2018, and comprised female patients with knee osteoarthritis. The subjects were selected randomised into control group A receiving isometrics and intervention group B receiving Pilates exercises. Both groups received one-hour sessions 3 times per week for 8 weeks. The groups were assessed at baseline and at the end of the 8th week using numeric pain rating scale and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index for pain and functionality level respectively. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Of 44 patients, there were 22(50%) in each of the two groups. Mean age of group B was 57.60±6.34 years, and it was 55.65±7.28 in group B. Mean body mass index of group B was 25.812±4.16, and it was 26.93±4.4 in group A. The study was completed by 40(91%) patients; 20(50%) in each of the two groups. Both groups showed significant improvement for pain, range of motion and physical function post-intervention (p<0.05). Group B showed significantly more improvement in terms of pain and physical function compared to group A (p<0.05). Conclusion: Pilates exercises were found to be more effective in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Key Words: Isometrics exercise, Knee osteoarthritis, Knee pain, Pilates, Range of motion, WOMAC. Continuous...
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