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Paper egg trays are widely used to transport eggs from farms to consumers. Unfortunately, pathogenic bacteria occur on egg trays, which are then transferred to eggs (Utrarachkij et al., 2012). Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus are the most common types of pathogenic bacteria on eggs. Salmonella bacteria can survive on the outer surface of eggshell, potentially penetrating through the inner egg

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The controlled release of bergamot oil was evaluated from rubberwood boxes containing activated carbon and bergamot oil. Rubberwood boxes impregnated with different concentrations of bergamot oil (50, 100, and 300 µg g−1) with and without activated carbon were prepared. The treated rubberwood boxes were utilized to store strawberries at 6 °C for 21 d, while boxes with only activated carbon were used as a control. The inhibitory effects relative to Botrytis cinerea growth and quality of the strawberries after storage in rubberwood box were investigated. The microstructure of the rubberwood was evaluated via scanning electron microscopy. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was used to quantify the volatile compounds. The rubberwood boxes with activated carbon and 100 µg g−1 of bergamot oil were found to inhibit Botrytis cinerea growth on strawberries and extend their shelf life for at least 21 d. Compared to rubberwood boxes without activated carbon, activated carbon was able to retard the release of bergamot oil into the system, yielding increased strawberry quality. Releasing less bioactive components from bergamot oil could decrease undesirable effects on strawberries, e.g., tissue, weight loss, flavour, and colour changes.

Abstract-Antifungal activities of edible film incorporated with essential oils (cinnamon oil, clove oil, anise oil, citronella oil, orange oil, tangerine oil, turmeric oil, guava leave oil, nutmeg oil and lime oil) against a white-rot decay fungus (Trametes versicolor) identified from rubberwood were investigated. The disc dilution method was employed to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) by mixing edible film with essential oil at ratios 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4. It was found that cinnamon oil, clove oil and anise oil were the strongest inhibitors with the MICs and MFCs of 1:4. Decay fungi test of T. versicolor on treated rubberwood (coated with edible film incorporated with essential oils at ratio 1:4) were then conducted. After 12 weeks of exposure at 25°C and 100%RH, the average weight loss of each rubberwood sample was determined. The results indicated that rubberwood treated with edible film incorporated with cinnamon oil, clove oil and anise oil at ratio 1:4 were classified as "highly resistant" with weight losses of ≤10%. These findings suggested that edible film incorporated with essential oil has good potential for protecting rubberwood products from the attack of T. versicolor.