Introduction: Pre-oxygenation is routinely carried out before general anaesthesia with the aim of maximizing oxygen stores in the functional residual capacity of the lungs. This’s a method to avoid hypoxia during the apnoeic interval after general anesthetic induction. When initiating general anaesthesia, it is a practice to pre-oxygenate for 3 minutes in the supine position, since this is considered to be related with reduced cardiovascular instability. While the best timing for pre-oxygenation has been found, the best body posture for pre-oxygenation has yet to be determined. Objective: To compare the mean non hypoxic apnea duration of 20° head up with conventional supine position during pre-oxygenation in patients undergoing elective surgery Design of the study: Randomized Controlled Trial Setting: This study was conducted in the Operative Rooms of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore Result: Total 200 patients included, the mean age was 26.21+5.21 in Group A & 24.87+4.69 in Group B. The age range was 15-50 years, 41%(n=41) in Group A 39%(n=39) & in Group B between 15-25 years of age which was in majority. There were 45(45%) males and 55(55%) in Group A & 51.0(51%) male and 49.0(49%) female in Group B which shows that basic demographics were insignificant in both groups while comparing the mean non hypoxic apnea duration of 20° head up with conventional supine position during pre-oxygenation in patients undergoing elective surgery, we revealed 352.28+74.43 in Group A and 449.75+67.31 in Group B, p value was calculated as 0.04 i.e. ≤0.05 Conclusion: Comparison of the average non hypoxic apnea duration of 20° head up with conventional supine position during pre-oxygenation in patients undergoing elective surgery reveals prolonged duration in patients with 20° head up than conventional supine position during pre-oxygenation. Keywords: Mean non hypoxic apnea duration, 20° head up, conventional supine position, pre-oxygenation
Background: Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) is mostly used for the application of general anesthesia. Intravenous Propofol is still preferable for induction of anesthesia due to its favorable recovery profile and low incidence of side effects. Thiopentone sodium is also one of the most commonly used intravenous induction agent. Combination of Propofol and thiopentone sodium may be more is beneficial rather than propofol alone. So we conducted this study to find more effective method. Objective: To compare the outcome of combination of Thiopentone sodium with Propofol versus Propofol alone for the Laryngeal mask airway insertion in pediatric patients. Methodology: This “Randomized controlled trial” was done at the Department of Anesthesia, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore for 6 months i.e. from July 2021 to Dec 2021. 80 children were selected for surgery through Non-Probability, Consecutive Sampling. Randomization of patients into group A & B was done. Informed consent was obtained from parents. Intravenous induction agents were prepared, for Propofol group (A), propofol was mixed with lignocaine and for the combination group (B), Thiopentone was combined with propofol. A correct sized LMA was inserted. Excellent LMA insertion was assessed. Data was analyzed in SPSS. Excellent LMA insertion in both groups was analyzed using Chi Square test with p <0.05 as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of patients in our study was 8.29±3.16 years. In Propofol group, there were 28 males and 12 were females while in combination group, 22 patients were male and 18 patients were females. In Propofol group, 15 cases had LMA score 1, 17 had LMA score 2 and 8 had LMA score 3. In combination group, 25 cases had LMA score 1 and 15 had LMA score 2 but no one had LMA score 3. The difference was significant (p<0.05). In Propofol group, 15 cases had excellent outcome while in 25 cases, excellent outcome could not be achieved. In combination group, 25 cases had excellent outcome while in 15 cases, excellent outcome could not be achieved. The difference was significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: So it has been proved that combination of Propofol with thiopentone sodium is more effective for effective insertion of LMA in children instead of using porpofol alone. Keywords: General Anesthesia, Laryngeal Mask Airway, Children, Propofol, Thiopentone Sodium
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