Dinamika dan perubahan yang terjadi saat ini begitu dinamis, terlebih di era revolusi industri 4.0 atau disebut sebagai revolusi digital yang diindikasikan oleh perubahan yang sangat besar di semua bidang berbasis teknologi. Perubahan juga terjadi di bidang Pendidikan yang mana dituntut dapat berjalan beriringan sesuai dengan perubahan yang ada agar dapat menghasilkan sumber daya daya manusia pendidikan tinggi yang memiliki kualitas tinggi yang juga inovatif, kreatif, dan efisien. Oleh karena itu, untuk menghadapi kondisi tersebut Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan membuat kebijakan terkait Pendidikan diantaranya kebijakan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM). Kebijakan MBKM memberikan kebebasan dan otonomi kepada Lembaga Pendidikan, dan merdeka dari birokratisasi, dosen dibebaskan dari birokrasi yang berbelit serta mahasiswa diberikan kebebasan dalam memilih bidang yang mereka minati. Terjadi pergeseran bentuk pembelajaran sehingga menjadi peluang dan tantangan bagi perguruan tinggi dalam memfasilitasi model pembelajaran yang mampu menghadapi tantangan jaman dan menuju kampus yang bermutu dan bereputasi.
The topic of has been gaining many concerns from social researchers throughout the world, especially social capital in perspective the organizational activities of collective action . This study aimed to describe the local forest management practices parak and rimbo . The research method is () as a social capital in collective action perspective a case study of Koto Malintang and Simancuang people in West Sumat ra. Collecting data was conducted by e unstructured interviews, field observations, and document studies. Data analysis uses categorization and coding, document analysis, and historical analysis. Our findings were described in the context of decision making, resources management and mobilization, communication, and conflict resolution. Collective action for decision making involved the acquisition, allocation, and distribution mechanisms to divide land and forest product among local people. In the context of resources management and mobilization, they applied kinship relations among families, sub-clans, and clans to manage their resources. They then communicated their needs in any formal and informal meetings. When a conflict occurred in related to forest utilization, they applied an adat court to make a win-win solution. Nevertheless, the challenges of collective action are still about the resources availability, benefit equity, and external supports.
Mangrove forests have a critical role in supporting coastal areas. Mangrove forests have various functions of environmental services, one of which is a store of carbon stocks. The existence of mangrove forests continues to experience extensive damage and decline. Mangrove restoration is an effort to restore the damaged mangrove to its original condition, as was done by Lubuk Kertang Village. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential for AGB the restorations of mangrove vegetation. The method used is to calculate AGB of mangrove vegetation using allometric equations for estimating AGB from several researchers. The results showed the potential AGB content of the restoration of mangrove vegetation was 114.44 tons/ha. This yield is greater than the natural mangroves in the area, which is only 97.83 tons/ha.
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