No abstract

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy

Background: Umbilical cord blood analysis is assumed to give a picture of acid base balance of the infant at the moment of birth when umbilical circulation is arrested by clamping of the cord. Meconium stained deliveries often cause anxiety in the minds of clinicians attending such newborn.Aims and Objectives: To study the correlation of umbilical cord pH with apgar and outcome and predict a model to help us to detect cases of meconium that need active monitoring and intervention.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study.86 newborn born to mothers with meconium at artificial rupture of membranes was enrolled for the study All newborn had arterial blood gas analysis from umbilical cord.Results: The pH of umbilical blood showed positive correlation with apgar scores at 1minute (r=0.46) and negative correlation with thick meconium(r=-0.35) and outcome (r=0.36).Conclusion: The correlation though not strong are suggestive of the fact that meconium deliveries with poor apgar and thick meconium should be monitored before discharge.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(4) 2016 113-115

Background: School failure or poor academic performance is often found in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD); however, there is a dearth of a comprehensive assessment tool to evaluate various underlying deficits, including perceptual-motor, cognitive, language, and scholastic skills of those who have NDD. The study aimed to develop a test to fill-up this gap. Materials and Methods: The study followed three phases: the construction of an assessment battery in both Bengali and English languages, separately, incorporating tasks on perceptual-motor, cognitive, language, and scholastic skills; doing a pilot study, and finally, standardization. Standardization was done on 91 normal children (NC) aged 4.5 to 9.5 years, from four districts of West Bengal. The test was applied to 57 children with poor school performance across various NDD, including specific learning disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and communication disorder. Binet Kamat Test (BKT) of intelligence, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Sciences (NIMHANS) Index for specific learning disability (SLD), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Conner's Abbreviated Rating Scale-Parent Report, Linguistic Profile Test, and Test of Pragmatic Language were used as screening tools to identify children with various NDD. The psychometric properties of the tool were assessed. Results: The factor analysis suggested four-factor solution named scholastic-cognitive-motor, attention, auditory-verbal, and perceptual skill. The internal consistency of the test was found to be higher (Cronbach's >0.70 for most tests), indicating high reliability. Discriminant validity revealed significant score differences between NC and children with NDD (P <.01), suggesting that the new tool can differentiate children with NDD from healthy NC. Conclusion: The results favor the new tool as a psychometrically strong

No abstract

No abstract

Scrub typhus is a leading cause of treatable febrile illness. It can produce complications and dysfunction of multiple organs in children and is associated with considerable mortality. We attempted to perform a systematic review of original articles published between 1990 to 2020 based on certain selection criteria to estimate the case fatality risk of this disease in children. We addressed the pattern of complications of this disease with its impact on mortality We calculated pooled prevalence with a random effects model (restricted maximum likelihood method) that assumed varying effect sizes between studies using R statistical software. We reported the case fatality rate and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in the pooled analysis. Thirty-seven articles with a total of 3329 children were identified for inclusion. The case fatality rate was 1.1% (CI 0.05 to 2, I2=58% and prediction interval 0–6%). The mortality rate showed a declining trend over the last 5 y. Hepatitis (30.68% [95% CI 18.52 to 44.38]) remains the most common complication, followed by shock (14.45% [95% CI 7.71 to 22.85]), pneumonia (14.71% [95% CI 9.76 to 20.48]), acute kidney injury (13.72% [95% CI 8.49 to 19.97]) and meningitis/meningoencephalitis (11.57% [95% CI 7.83 to 15.92]). Multi-organ dysfunction syndrome was the main contributor to mortality.

No abstract