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Alternating sequencing of styrene‐maleimide/maleic anhydride (S‐MI/MA) in the copolymer chain is known for a long time. But since early 2000, this class of copolymers has been extensively studied using various living/controlled polymerization techniques to design S‐MI/MA alternating copolymers with tunable molecular weight, narrow dispersity (Ð), and precise chain‐end functionality. The widespread diverse applications of this polymeric backbone are due to its ease of synthesis, cheap starting materials, high precision in alternating sequencing, and facile post‐polymerization functionalization with simple organic reactions. Recently, S‐MI/MA alternating copolymers have been rediscovered as novel polymers with unprecedented emissive behavior. It outperforms the traditional fluorophores with no aggregation caused quenching (ACQ), aqueous solubility, and greater cell viability. Herein, the origin of alternating sequence, synthesis, and recent (2010‐Present) developments in applications of these polymers in different fields are elaborately discussed, including the advantages of the unconventional luminogenic property. This review article also highlights the future research directions of the versatile S‐MI/MA copolymers.

Plants generate a wide variety of organic components during their different growth phases. The majority of those compounds have been classified as primary and secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites are essential in plants’ adaptation to new changing environments and in managing several biotic and abiotic stress. It also invests some of its photosynthesized carbon as secondary metabolites to establish a mutual relationship with soil microorganisms in that specific niche. As soil harbors both pathogenic and beneficial microorganisms, it is essential to identify some specific metabolites that can discriminate beneficial and pathogenic ones. Thus, a detailed understanding of metabolite’s architectures that interact with beneficial microorganisms could open a new horizon of ecology and agricultural research. Flavonoids are used as classic examples of secondary metabolites in this study to demonstrate recent developments in understanding and realizing how these valuable metabolites can be controlled at different levels. Most of the research was focused on plant flavonoids, which shield the host plant against competitors or predators, as well as having other ecological implications. Thus, in the present review, our goal is to cover a wide range of functional and signalling activities of secondary metabolites especially, flavonoids mediated selective cross-talk between plant and its beneficial soil microbiome. Here, we have summarized recent advances in understanding the interactions between plant species and their rhizosphere microbiomes through root exudates (flavonoids), with a focus on how these exudates facilitate rhizospheric associations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11101-022-09806-3.

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