Topical minoxidil solution is recommended treatment for female pattern hair loss.However, some complications, such as skin allergies, have prevented some patients from completely receiving this treatment. This study intends to evaluate the therapeutic and side effects of oral minoxidil 0.25 mg tablets treatment on FPHL and compare it with conventional treatment of 2% topical minoxidil. This study is a tripleblind randomized clinical trial in which 72 women with FPHL were treated as two separate groups. Group 1 was treated with oral minoxidil 0.25 mg tablets and topical placebo solution, while topical minoxidil solutions and oral placebo tablets were used to treat group 2 patients. In the oral minoxidil group, the average hair diameter and hair density after the 9-month treatment reached from 0.044 mm and 102 per cm 2 to 0.048 mm and 115 per cm 2 , respectively. In the topical minoxidil group, the average hair diameter and hair density from initial values of 0.044 mm and 107 per cm 2 increased to 0.047 mm and 113 per cm 2 . In both groups, the changes of hair diameter and hair density were significant compared to initial values (p < 0.001), while the trend of changes was not statically different between the two groups (p = 0.077, p = 0.674 for hair diameter and hair density, respectively) and side effects were trivial. In conclusion, oral minoxidil is an effective and new treatment for FPHL, even with a minimal dose, which can be used as an alternative treatment, especially for patients with poor compliance against topical minoxidil.female pattern hair loss, oral minoxidil, topical minoxidil, trichoscopy | INTRODUCTIONFemale pattern hair loss (FPHL) is the most common form of hair loss in women. [1][2][3] It occurs in a generally distinctive pattern characterized by a progressive decline in fiber production by scalp hair follicles and their eventual miniaturization. 1 It can damage a patient's self-esteem and may even cause some psychological problems. 4 Therefore, achieving a simple treatment that can be readily acceptable for different patients is essential.

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a relatively uncommon non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis, which often occurs at an early age and is usually asymptomatic. Herein, we present the case of a 17-year-old man with numerous asymptomatic yellow-brown papulonodular lesions with a symmetric distribution on upper and lower extremities, face, and trunk, developed over the past 4 years. In the histopathologic examination, histiocytes with a Touton-like appearance were observed in favor of xanthogranuloma. The patient was treated with isotretinoin 20 mg daily for 2 months, which surprisingly led to the progression of lesions and thus was discontinued. Although JXG may cause severe morbidities in some circumstances, it is a self-limiting benign disorder and patients should be assured regarding the benign self-regressive nature of the disease.

Image processing with blur estimation technique is an accurate and precise method to measure the volume of lesions in cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Hair graying is a natural occurring process of aging. However, when it happens prematurely it can be an esthetic problem causing low self-esteem and social acceptability leading to psychological issues. Moreover, several studies have found associations between premature hair graying (PHG) and several more serious conditions such as osteopenia, coronary artery disease, and autoimmune disorders. 1-3 As a rule of thumb, 50% of hairs of 50% of people older than 50 years are gray 4 ; however, recent studies showed that only 6%-23% of people older than 50 years have 50% gray hairs. 5 Abstract Background: The exact etiology of premature hair graying (PHG) remains unknown; however, oxidative stress is shown to be involved. Selenium, as an antioxidant, is widely known for its antiaging potentials. Moreover, PGH is more prevalent among addicts and because Lead is a common impurity found in illegal drug. Aims:We evaluated the serum levels of lead and selenium in patients with PHG and compared it with a control group. Patients/Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients referred to Dermatology Clinic of Imam-Reza Hospital of Mashhad, Iran in 2015 were evaluated in two groups with and without PHG. Demographic information and disease characteristics, skin phenotype, and family history of PHG were recorded. Furthermore, 5 mL of brachial blood was drawn for measuring selenium and lead levels. Results:The mean patients' age was 28.1 ± 4.8 years. Age, sex, occupation, and skin phenotype in individuals with and without PHG were not significantly different (P > .05) but family history of PHG was significantly higher in the patients with PHG (P = .001). Similarly, the number of white hairs was significantly higher (P < .001), and the age of onset of hair graying was significantly lower in patients with PHG (P < .001). Serum levels of selenium and lead were not significantly different between two groups (P < .05). However, the serum levels of lead in the patients with PHG were slightly higher. Conclusions:The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference in lead and selenium serum levels in patients with and without PHG. K E Y W O R D Slead, premature hair graying, selenium

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