Paleocene Kabalar Formation (Göynük, Bolu/Turkey) has been studied by a combination of organic geochemical methods (LECO/Rock-Eval, gas chromatography), light microscopy and bulk combination method (elemental analysis) in order to assess the hydrocarbon source potential of the abundant and extensive lacustrine shale intervals present in the formation.The organic matter in the shales is an algal material (type I kerogen) having a rich oil potential. The shales have an organic carbon content of up to 10% and hydrogen index values of up to 900.Pyrolysis yields (TOC, S 2 and HI) and organic petrography (kerogen type, amount % and maturity) indicate that the oil shales are excellent potential source rocks, containing type I organic matter. Thermal maturity, assessed from the spore color index and T max , indicates that the Paleocene Kabalar Formation has probably entered the thermal zone of oil generation and may produce oil. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies of the shale samples show the presence of morphological structures interpreter to be of hydrocarbon droplets.
Hydrocarbon potential of oil shale samples from the Gökçesu basin in Bolu, Turkey, was evaluated on the basis of organic geochemical, organic petrographic, gas chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography techniques. Organic materials were found to be oil-producing type (Type I and II kerogen). Thermal maturities, that indicate diagenetic and early mature oil formation stage, were determined with pyrolysis (Tmax), production index (PI), and spore color index (SCI) analyses. The amount of organic material ranging between 0.21 and 15.89% reveals that the unit has variable source rock potentials from weak to perfect. The productivity of the basin was probably high and organic matter preservation was enhanced by a stratified water column. As the basin began to fill with sediment and become shallower, TOC and HI values declined, as the basin water was better oxygenated and preservation conditions declined. On the basis of geologic data, organic geochemical analyses and organic petrographic studies, organic facies of Eocene shales is of AB and B types.
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