The term success or failures in endodontics must be defined rigidity, in order to be meaningful. A clear definition & agreement of what constitute a failure following endodontic treatment does not exist among endodontist. The dentist had reduced criteria for success of endodontic treatment to a very narrow definition to absence of pain. How convenient it would be if this concept could be totally accepted. Unfortunately absence of pain is not completely a reliable measure for good health or success in endodontic treatment. Countless peoples are living today with some disease in its pain free stage after endodontic treatment. Endodontic treatment apparently success's in some cases in spite of, our best efforts. These fortunate circumstances can also be attributed to a tremendous capacity of body's natural defences to cope with infections and to enhance the body's survival rate. Practicing endodontist should know that lack of pain is not sole criteria of success of endodontic treatment, but they would be hard pressed to present universally acceptable criteria for success or failures. According to seltzer samul (1988) the use of term adequate clinical function is more realistic, because the retention of tooth in function is ultimate goal of endodontic therapy. Failures may also be based solely upon clinical conditions, i.e. the persistence of development of symptoms such as discomfort, pain, swelling or sinus tract, despite of negative radiographic finding.
Orthodontic tooth movement needs simultaneous bone formation and resorption. Patients with high risk of bone resorption (osteoporosis), due to systemic problems, may have a deleterious effect on tooth movement. With increased adults seeking orthodontic treatment, the number of such patients seeking orthodontic treatment have increased in last few decades. It so has become of prime importance for an orthodontist to diagnose such patients and take necessary actions. This article will deal with osteoporosis in general, its pathophysiology, the signs, and symptoms, its effect on orthodontic tooth movement, its treatment, and the necessary actions to be undertaken by the orthodontist.
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