Background: Preterm labor (PTL) is a major determinant of neonatal morbimortality with adverse consequences for health. The causes are multifactorial, with intrauterine infection probably explaining most of these outcomes. It is believed that infection with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is also involved in PTL. Objective: To compare the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis cervicitis in women with preterm labor and control at term. Methods: This was a case-control study conducted at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. This study included 70 pregnant women with singleton fetus who attended the causality and were selected to participate in the study. They were divided into two groups, cases and control group each 35 patients. Swab was taken from endocervix and chlamydia trachomatis DNA was examined by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data were analyzed by Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis cervicitis in women with preterm labor is higher than in women at term; 8 cases out of 35 (22.9%) as compared to the women in the control group which was 2 cases out of 35 (5.7%) and this difference was statistically significant using (p =0.04). Conclusion: This study proved that there is an association between chlamydia trachomatis cervicitis and preterm labor. Screening and treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis infection are recommended to decrease cases of preterm labor.

Background Labor induction most frequently conducted through interventional procedures, and their use has been increasing in the past several decades. In a survey by the National Center for Health Statistics the rate of labor induction was noted to have increased from 9.5% in 1991 to 22.5% in 2006. This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital (pre-labour ward) in the period between January 2019 and January 2020. Patients and Methods This study was conducted on 150 pregnant women attending Ain Shams University Hospital outpatient clinic, they were classified according to the indication for labor induction into 2 groups, high risk group and low risk group. Results that there was no statistically significant difference between groups according to baseline characteristics, indication of induction and need for oxytocin. Regarding medications side effect and maternal outcomes, our results showed that there was statistically significant difference between groups according to pyrexia. Regarding mode of delivery, our results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between groups. Regarding no. of req. doses and duration of delivery, our results showed that there was statistically significant difference between groups according to no. of req. doses and duration of delivery (hrs) and total dose of misoprostol (µg), more in group I (hourly dose) than II (2 hours dose). Regarding fetal outcomes (Apgar score at 1 and 5 min, birth weight (kg), meconium staining, NICU admission), our results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between 2 groups. Conclusion The repetitive hourly dose of misoprostol solution (10 μg -10 mL- oral misoprostol administered hourly up to12 doses) has similar efficacy as oral misoprostol solution every 2 hours (20 μg -20 mL- administered every 2 hours up to 6 doses) but with more side effects.