Because of its potential to be used as a lead free solder material the thermodynamic properties of the liquid Al-Sn-Zn system were investigated. Using an appropriate galvanic cell, the partial free energies of Al were determined as a function of concentration and temperature. Thermodynamic properties were obtained for 30 alloys. Their composition was situated on three cross-sections with constant ratios of Sn:Zn = 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2. The integral Gibbs energy and the integral enthalpy for the ternary system at 973 K were calculated by Gibbs-Duhem integration.

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The thermodynamic properties of the ternary Bi-In-Zn system were determined with the electromotive force (EMF) method using a liquid electrolyte. Four different cross sections with constant In/Bi ratios of 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, and 9:1 were applied to measure the thermodynamic properties of the ternary system in the temperature range between the liquidus temperature of the alloys and 973 K (700°C). Zinc was added in steps of 5 at. pct from 5 to 90 pct. The partial free energies of Zn in liquid Bi-In-Zn alloys were determined as a function of concentration and temperature. The integral Gibbs free energy and the integral enthalpy of the ternary system at 873 K (600°C) were calculated by Gibbs-Duhem integration. The ternary interaction parameters were evaluated using the Redlich-Kister-Muggianu polynomials.