According to the results of the diagnostic stage of obstetric examination in 2016–2018, the etiology and pathogenesis of mastitis in 90 cows of FG “Mriia” of Rivne region were analyzed. During the research, 83.3 % of the cows were diagnosed with breast inflammation. Subclinical form of udder inflammation was found in 51.1 %, clinical in 32.2 %, and at the same time hidden and clinical, in the same proportion – in 12.2 % of animals. In the farm, the cause of mastitis, were violations of sanitary and hygienic conditions of keeping cows and systematic technological underdevelopment of specialists in zootechnical and veterinary services. Frequent postpartum pathologies, including postpartum paresis and ketosis, contributed to the development of the disease. The experimental data for the study of the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of “Forticept” udder hygiene products on the condition of the breast, milk quality and cow productivity are presented. The “Forticept Udder Wash” antiseptic is used to prepare the udder for milking, and the “Forticept Udder Forte” film-forming agent is used to preserve udder nipples after milking is completed. It is established that the treatment, before and after milking, of the udder of cows by means of the “Forticept” complex, after 15 days allows to reduce significantly (by 55 %) the number of animals with subclinical mastitis (SFM). Within 30 days of “Forticept Udder Wash” and “Forticept Udder Forte”, the incidence of SFM in the cows of the experimental group decreased from the starting 41.7 % to 19.0–23.0 %. Hygienic treatment of the cows udder with the drugs “Kenopur” and “Kenocidin” did not give the desired effect of reducing the manifestations of SFM: on the 30th day of the experiment, the number of positive milk samples in the control group increased by 4.0 % (up to 54 %). Оn the thirty-day “Forticept” series, only one new case of subclinical mastitis was diagnosed in the experimental group. The preventive effect of “Forticept Udder Wash” and “Forticept Udder Forte” on SFM is 96.0 %, in the preparations “Kenopur” and “Kenocidin” – 70.0 %. Reducing the incidence rate naturally contributed to the increase in daily milk yields, the improvement of milk quality indicators for fats, protein, casein and a decrease in the content of SC, KMAFanM1 and microorganisms. In the animals of the experimental group, the level of somatic cells was 339.14 ± 21.22 thousand/ml by the end of the observation period and was 26.7 % lower than the control group. At that, the number of quarters of the breast with somatic cell content more than 400 thousand/ml of milk decreased in both groups, namely: in the experimental group – by 19.0 %, in the control group – by 15.1 %.
The article presents an analysis of the results of biochemical studies of blood serums from selected cows in the Rivne region during the period of the cattle for the purpose of early diagnosis of metabolic disorders. It has been established that in serum of blood of cows, the parameters of protein, hydrocarbon and fat metabolism and the level of certain mineral substances and vitamins, namely total protein, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol and vitamins A and E, total calcium and inorganic phosphorus, are lowered relative to the lower level of their reference values. It is also found that there is a shortage of Zinc, Kuprum, Manganese, Selenium and Cobalt in the body. On the basis of the obtained data, measures for the normalization of metabolic processes of domesticated cows have been developed, which include providing the body with an energy substrate, increasing the level of glucose in the blood, minimizing the load on the liver and pancreas, and reducing the toxic effects of various intermediate digestive products. The plan of preventive measures including the use of vitamin-mineral preparation "Energolit" (vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, glucose, sorbitol, sodium acetate, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium chlorides, arginine, glutamic acid, lysine, methionine). The solution was injected immediately after calving intravenously, once a day, for 3 days in a dose of 50-100 ml per 100 kg body weight. Lack of vitamins A and E and Cobalt was normalized by introducing into the diet of newborn cows "Vitamin Bland for VLC 0.2%", powder form (vitamins: A, D3, E and minerals Cobalt and Iodine), 1,0 g per 10 kg of body weight, once a day for 14 days. After injection of Energolit, correction of mineral nutrition of cattle was maintained at the expense of the oral administration of Calfimin containing Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Natrium, Manganese, Zinc, Kuprom, Cobalt, Methion and Lysine, at a rate of 1,0 ml per 10 kg of body weight 1 time per day for 14-20 days. Lack of Selenium was normalized by the introduction of sodium selenite, in the form of subcutaneous injections of the drug Devivit Selen-1 ml of the drug for 50 kg of body weight, 2 times at intervals of 7 days. Already in the 3rd day after application of "Energolit" glucose content increased by 7,6% (1,98±0,06 mmol/l), for the 6th dayby 29,9% (2,39±0, 07 mmol / l), at the 14th day it was 3,01±0,06 mmol / l with a primary index of 1,84 ± 0,06 mmol/L. By analogy, it was also observed with other indicators that were underestimated relative reference levels. In the studies after the applied preventive treatment plan, none of the experimental animals showed signs of postpartum paresis and ketosis.
Investigate the antimicrobial properties of various concentrations of vegetable essential oils in combination with an oil solution of chlorophyllipt as possible ingredients for ointments for wounds. Microbiological tests were performed according to standard methods using E. coli test cultures, S. aureus, Str. agalactiae and P. fluorescens. The results of studies of antibacterial activity of both individual ingredients and their combinations are presented, namely: 4 % essential oil of Siberian pine, 2 % essential oil of eucalyptus, 1.5 % essential oil of cloves, 1.5 % of essential oil of cedar, 2.0 % tea tree essential oil and 1.0 % chlorophyllipt oil solution. Bacteria, which are usually typical agents of wound infections, have been found to be quite sensitive to the drugs tested. High activity of essential oils and oily solution of chlorophyllipt with respect to E. coli and S. aureus was revealed. In particular, a 1.0 % oily solution of chlorophyllipt caused staphylococcal growth retardation zones whose diameters were 1.4 times larger than the antibiotic clindamycin. It was determined that representatives of gram-negative microflora were more sensitive to the investigated essential oils and chlorophyll. The optimal composition of the experimental drug called “Ointment for wounds” is offered. The results of preclinical testing showed a sufficiently high efficiency compared to traditional means. The results obtained with regard to antimicrobial activity indicate the prospect of using preparations based on the essential oil of Siberian pine, eucalyptus, carnation, cedar, tea tree and oil solution of chlorophyllipt for the treatment of skin diseases in animals. This data will help to develop new effective and safe veterinary treatments for wound care.
To characterize and determine the quality of the veterinary medicinal product «Amoxidev 60» (powder for oral use) which contains amoxicillin trihydrate, in addition to physical and chemical tests, it is important to develop a specification and control of input materials intended for its production. The aim of the study was to create a drug based on amoxicillin trihydrate of appropriate quality and to substantiate the specification of control of input materials intended for its production. Veterinary drug «Amoxidev» - water-soluble white powder with a specific odor. One gram of the drug contains the active substance: amoxicillin trihydrate – 600 mg and filler: lactose – up to 1 g. The drug is prescribed to zoo animals - European deer, ornamental birds (pheasant, peacock) for the treatment and prevention of respiratory diseases (rhinotracheitis, bronchopneumonia, pneumonia), digestive (gastroenteritis, enterocolitis), genitourinary systems (metritis, nephritis, rubella) apparatus and soft tissues (injuries, myositis, dermatitis, mastitis) caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug. Control of raw materials included the following operations: determination of the mass fraction of amoxicillin trihydrate; testing; preparation of control solution; chromatography; testing of amoxicillin trihydrate for purity; testing of amoxicillin trihydrate for the presence of accompanying impurities; determination of the pH of the test solution and the transparency of the substance solution. Based on the proposed specification and approaches to laboratory quality control of powder for oral use based on amoxicillin trihydrate developed production documentation that corresponds to the registration dossier for the veterinary drug «Amoxidev 60». The test results are properly investigated and documented in accordance with the Operating Standards Standard (SOP).
Викладено результати апробації удосконаленого способу дезакаризації диких копитних в умовах напіввільного утримання, що включає як обробку тварин, так і санацію місць їх скупчення новими препаративними композиціями на основі амітразу. У вольєрному господарстві застосовано сучасні, науково-обґрунтовані, інтегровані підходи до організації профілактичних та лікувальних протиектопаразитарних міроприємств. Це дозволило, з мінімальними затратами, без стресового фактору, не знижуючи трофейних властивостей дичини, контролювати чисельність паразитів на відносно безпечному рівні. Спосіб забезпечує самостійну санацію тварин привабливою для них емульсією інсекто-акарициду. При цьому у якості атрактанта, розчинника та репелента використано піддьогтярну воду. Місця підгодівлі тварин оброблено новим інсекто-акарицидним препаратом зі знезаражуючим ефектом «Засіб для обробки тваринницьких приміщень «Акаротак Е». Також апробовано індивідуальну терапію новим препаратом івермектинового ряду. Встановлено високу ефективність застосованих препаратів, зокрема максимальні значення Коефіцієнту захисної дії засобу «Акаротак Д.В.» сягали 76%. Біологічна ефективність засобу «Акаротак Е» на 1 добу склала – 93,3% і зберігала високі значення протягом 14 діб.
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