Objective: To assess the clinical course of uterine cervical cancer (UCC) against the background of HIV infection and its complex diagnosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis carried out to 847 outpatient cards of patients for the period 2016-2017. Of these, 17 were HIV-positive. Two groups were formed: group I – patients with UCC on the background of HIV, group II – patients with UCC without HIV. The mean age was 37.4±0.2 and 52.8±0.3 years, respectively. Stages of UCC in group I: IIB – 6 (35.5%), IIIA – 4 (23.5%), IIIB – 6 (35.5%), IVB – 1 (5.5%); in the II group: IB – 3 (15%), IIB – 10 (50%), IIIB – 6 (30%), IVB – 1 (5%). Distribution according to the histological structure in group I: squamous nonkeratinized cancer – 11 (68.75%), keratinizing – 1 (6.25%), adenocarcinoma – 4 (25%). In group II: squamous nonkeratinized cancer – 13 (65%), squamous keratinizing – 3 (15%), adenocarcinoma – 4 (2%). The groups were comparable in treatment methods: in both groups, chemoradiation therapy was used according to standard schemes. Results: Indicators in the I group: lethality – 4 (23.5%), stabilization – 5 (23.5%), progression – 8 (53%); in the second group: lethality – 1 (5%), stabilization – 14 (70%), progression – 5 (25%). Conclusion: UCC in the background of HIV infection occurs at an earlier age. The predominance of stage IIB disease and squamous nonkeratinized cancer in both groups was noted. Mortality within the first year, stabilization and progression in the I and II groups were 23.5%, 23.5%, 53% and 5%, 70%, 25%, respectively. Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), uterine cervical cancer, lethality, stabilization, progressing.
The problem of primary multiplicity of malignant tumors remains actual in oncology due to growing number of patients with polyneoplasia especially of the breast. Modern genetic studies use “genetically enriched” cases of cancer, which include in particular primary-multiple malignant tumors of the breast. Practically every tumor has an individual set of somatic mutations and genetic mechanisms of breast cancer appearance are very different. The multicentre study shows the role of recessive determinants of the predisposition to bilateral breast cancer without a family history. The obtained data could be used in clinical practice as a secondary prevention of breast cancer.
Primary multiplicity of malignant tumors remains relevant in oncology due to the increased number of patients with polyneoplasia; this concerns especially tumors of the female reproductive system. The frequency and combinations of polyneoplasias in the female reproductive system have been analyzed, by using different pathogenetic variants of multiple primary endometrial cancer as an example according to the data of the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary for 10 years. The findings can be used in clinical practice for the primary and secondary prevention of cancer in women.
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